וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֵלַ֗י אֶל־תָּ֨צַר֙ אֶת־מֹואָ֔ב וְאַל־תִּתְגָּ֥ר בָּ֖ם מִלְחָמָ֑ה כִּ֠י לֹֽא־אֶתֵּ֨ן לְךָ֤ מֵֽאַרְצֹו֙ יְרֻשָּׁ֔ה כִּ֣י לִבְנֵי־לֹ֔וט נָתַ֥תִּי אֶת־עָ֖ר יְרֻשָּׁה׃
And YHWH said to me, ‘Do not harass Moʾav and do not provoke them to war, for I will not give you any of their land as a possession, because I have given Ar to the descendants of Lot as a possession.’
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֨אמֶר (va-yomer) – Root: אמר (ʾmr); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav consecutive; Translation: “And He said”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- יְהוָ֜ה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (hwh); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The divine name.
- אֵלַ֗י (elai) – Root: אל (ʾl); Form: Preposition with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “to me”; Notes: Indicates the recipient of the speech.
- אֶל־תָּ֨צַר֙ (ʾel-tatzar) – Root: צרר (tzrr); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “Do not harass”; Notes: A prohibition.
- אֶת־מֹואָ֔ב (et-Moʾav) – Root: מואב (mʾv); Form: Direct object marker + proper noun; Translation: “Moʾav”; Notes: Refers to the Moabites.
- וְאַל־תִּתְגָּ֥ר (ve-ʾal-titgar) – Root: גרה (grh); Form: Hitpael imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “and do not provoke”; Notes: Another prohibition.
- בָּ֖ם (bam) – Root: ב (b); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “them”; Notes: Refers to the Moabites.
- מִלְחָמָ֑ה (milḥamah) – Root: לחם (lḥm); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “to war”; Notes: Indicates conflict or battle.
- כִּ֠י (ki) – Root: כי (kī); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces a reason.
- לֹֽא־אֶתֵּ֨ן (lo-ʾetten) – Root: נתן (ntn); Form: Qal imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I will not give”; Notes: Expresses divine refusal.
- לְךָ֤ (lekha) – Root: לך (lk); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to you”; Notes: Indicates the recipient.
- מֵֽאַרְצֹו֙ (me-artzo) – Root: ארץ (ʾrṣ); Form: Preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “from his land”; Notes: Refers to the territory of Moʾav.
- יְרֻשָּׁ֔ה (yerushah) – Root: ירש (yrš); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “as a possession”; Notes: Denotes inheritance or ownership.
- כִּ֣י (ki) – Root: כי (kī); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “because”; Notes: Provides a justification.
- לִבְנֵי־לֹ֔וט (li-vnei-Lot) – Root: בן (bn) + לוט (lwt); Form: Preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + proper noun; Translation: “to the descendants of Lot”; Notes: Refers to Lot’s lineage.
- נָתַ֥תִּי (natatti) – Root: נתן (ntn); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I have given”; Notes: Indicates a completed action.
- אֶת־עָ֖ר (et-ʿAr) – Root: ער (ʿr); Form: Direct object marker + proper noun; Translation: “Ar”; Notes: A specific location in Moʾav.
- יְרֻשָּׁה (yerushah) – Root: ירש (yrš); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “as a possession”; Notes: Reiterates the concept of inheritance.