Deuteronomy 23:20 (Deuteronomy 23:19)

לֹא־תַשִּׁ֣יךְ לְאָחִ֔יךָ נֶ֥שֶׁךְ כֶּ֖סֶף נֶ֣שֶׁךְ אֹ֑כֶל נֶ֕שֶׁךְ כָּל־דָּבָ֖ר אֲשֶׁ֥ר יִשָּֽׁךְ׃

You shall not lend to your brother with interest: interest on money, interest on food, interest on anything that may be lent with interest.

 

Morphology

  1. לֹא־ (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “You shall not”; Notes: Expresses prohibition.
  2. תַשִּׁ֣יךְ (tashikh) – Root: נשך (nashakh); Form: Hifil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “lend with interest”; Notes: Prohibition against charging interest.
  3. לְאָחִ֔יךָ (le-aḥikha) – Root: אח (aḥ); Form: Noun, masculine singular with suffix; Translation: “to your brother”; Notes: Refers to a fellow Israelite.
  4. נֶ֥שֶׁךְ (neshekh) – Root: נשך (nashakh); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “interest”; Notes: Financial interest.
  5. כֶּ֖סֶף (kesef) – Root: כסף (kesef); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “money”; Notes: Specifies type of loan.
  6. נֶ֣שֶׁךְ (neshekh) – Root: נשך (nashakh); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “interest”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis.
  7. אֹ֑כֶל (okhel) – Root: אכל (akhal); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “food”; Notes: Specifies another type of loan.
  8. נֶ֕שֶׁךְ (neshekh) – Root: נשך (nashakh); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “interest”; Notes: Repeated to cover all cases.
  9. כָּל־ (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “anything”; Notes: Generalizes the prohibition.
  10. דָּבָ֖ר (davar) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “thing”; Notes: Specifies applicability.
  11. אֲשֶׁ֥ר (asher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces a subordinate clause.
  12. יִשָּֽׁךְ׃ (yishakh) – Root: נשך (nashakh); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “may be lent with interest”; Notes: Describes the act.

 

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