לֹ֣א תַטֶּ֔ה מִשְׁפַּ֖ט גֵּ֣ר יָתֹ֑ום וְלֹ֣א תַחֲבֹ֔ל בֶּ֖גֶד אַלְמָנָֽה׃
You shall not pervert the justice of a foreigner or an orphan, and you shall not take a widow’s garment as a pledge.
Morphology
- לֹ֣א (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “You shall not”; Notes: Expresses prohibition.
- תַטֶּ֔ה (tatteh) – Root: נטה (natah); Form: Hifil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “pervert”; Notes: Refers to distorting justice.
- מִשְׁפַּ֖ט (mishpat) – Root: שפט (shafat); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “justice”; Notes: Legal ruling or judgment.
- גֵּ֣ר (ger) – Root: גר (ger); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “foreigner”; Notes: A resident alien or sojourner.
- יָתֹ֑ום (yatom) – Root: יתם (yatom); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “orphan”; Notes: One without parental support.
- וְלֹ֣א (ve-lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle with conjunction; Translation: “and you shall not”; Notes: Introduces a second prohibition.
- תַחֲבֹ֔ל (taḥavol) – Root: חבל (ḥaval); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “take as a pledge”; Notes: Refers to seizing property as collateral.
- בֶּ֖גֶד (beged) – Root: בגד (beged); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “garment”; Notes: Clothing, particularly one necessary for warmth.
- אַלְמָנָֽה׃ (almanah) – Root: אלמן (alman); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “widow”; Notes: A woman who has lost her husband.