הַרְנִ֤ינוּ גֹויִם֙ עַמֹּ֔ו כִּ֥י דַם־עֲבָדָ֖יו יִקֹּ֑ום וְנָקָם֙ יָשִׁ֣יב לְצָרָ֔יו וְכִפֶּ֥ר אַדְמָתֹ֖ו עַמֹּֽו׃ פ
Rejoice, O nations, with His people, for He will avenge the blood of His servants; He will return vengeance to His adversaries and will atone for His land, His people.
Morphology
- הַרְנִ֤ינוּ (har’ninu) – Root: רָנַן (r-n-n); Form: Hiphil imperative 2nd person plural; Translation: “Rejoice”; Notes: A call for joyful exultation, directed toward the nations.
- גֹויִם֙ (goyim) – Root: גּוֹי (g-w-y); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “nations”; Notes: Refers to the non-Israelite peoples.
- עַמֹּ֔ו (ammo) – Root: עַם (ʿ-m); Form: Noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “His people”; Notes: Refers to the people of YHWH, Israel.
- כִּ֥י (ki) – Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces the reason for rejoicing.
- דַם־עֲבָדָ֖יו (dam-avadav) – Root: דָּם (d-m) & עֶבֶד (ʿ-v-d); Form: Noun masculine singular construct + noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “the blood of His servants”; Notes: Refers to the faithful followers of YHWH.
- יִקֹּ֑ום (yiqqom) – Root: קוּם (q-w-m); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “will avenge”; Notes: Here, ‘to stand’ metaphorically means to take action for vengeance.
- וְנָקָם֙ (venaqam) – Root: נָקַם (n-q-m); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “vengeance”; Notes: Represents divine retribution.
- יָשִׁ֣יב (yashiv) – Root: שׁוּב (sh-w-b); Form: Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “will return”; Notes: Indicates a repayment of vengeance upon His adversaries.
- לְצָרָ֔יו (le-tsarav) – Root: צָר (ts-r); Form: Noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to His adversaries”; Notes: Refers to those opposing YHWH and His people.
- וְכִפֶּ֥ר (ve-khipper) – Root: כָּפַר (k-p-r); Form: Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and will atone”; Notes: Suggests making amends or purifying from guilt.
- אַדְמָתֹ֖ו (admat-o) – Root: אֲדָמָה (ʾ-d-m); Form: Noun feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “His land”; Notes: Refers to the Promised Land, which will be cleansed.
- עַמֹּֽו (ammo) – Root: עַם (ʿ-m); Form: Noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “His people”; Notes: Reiteration for emphasis on YHWH’s covenant people.