עַל֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר מְעַלְתֶּ֜ם בִּ֗י בְּתֹוךְ֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בְּמֵֽי־מְרִיבַ֥ת קָדֵ֖שׁ מִדְבַּר־צִ֑ן עַ֣ל אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־קִדַּשְׁתֶּם֙ אֹותִ֔י בְּתֹ֖וךְ בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
Because you acted unfaithfully with Me in the midst of the children of Yisraʾel at the waters of Merivat-qadesh in the wilderness of Tsin, because you did not sanctify Me in the midst of the children of Yisraʾel.
Morphology
- עַל֩ (ʿal) – Root: Preposition; Translation: “Because”; Notes: Indicates the reason for the statement that follows.
- אֲשֶׁ֨ר (asher) – Root: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause explaining the reason.
- מְעַלְתֶּ֜ם (meʿaltem) – Root: מָעַל (m-ʿ-l); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you acted unfaithfully”; Notes: Refers to Moshe and Aharon’s disobedience.
- בִּ֗י (bi) – Root: Preposition + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “with Me”; Notes: Indicates the object of the unfaithful action, referring to YHWH.
- בְּתֹוךְ֙ (betokh) – Root: תָּוֶךְ (t-w-k); Form: Preposition; Translation: “in the midst of”; Notes: Indicates the location among the people.
- בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (benei Yisra’el) – Root: בֵּן (b-n) + proper noun; Form: Construct phrase; Translation: “the children of Yisra’el”; Notes: Refers to the Israelite community.
- בְּמֵֽי־מְרִיבַ֥ת (bemei-Merivat) – Root: מַיִם (m-y-m) + רִיב (r-y-b); Form: Construct form; Translation: “at the waters of Merivah”; Notes: Refers to the event where Moshe struck the rock.
- קָדֵ֖שׁ (Qadesh) – Root: Proper noun; Translation: “Qadesh”; Notes: The location in the wilderness where the event occurred.
- מִדְבַּר־צִ֑ן (midbar-Tsin) – Root: דָּבָר (d-b-r) + proper noun; Form: Noun construct; Translation: “the wilderness of Tsin”; Notes: Geographical location describing the region.
- עַ֣ל (ʿal) – Root: Preposition; Translation: “because”; Notes: Repeats to emphasize the reason.
- אֲשֶׁ֤ר (asher) – Root: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces another explanatory clause.
- לֹֽא־קִדַּשְׁתֶּם֙ (lo-kiddashtem) – Root: קָדַשׁ (q-d-sh); Form: Piel perfect 2nd person masculine plural with negative particle; Translation: “you did not sanctify”; Notes: Highlights the failure to honor YHWH appropriately.
- אֹותִ֔י (oti) – Root: Object marker + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “Me”; Notes: Refers directly to YHWH as the one not sanctified.
- בְּתֹ֖וךְ (betokh) – Root: תָּוֶךְ (t-w-k); Form: Preposition; Translation: “in the midst of”; Notes: Reiterates the location among the Israelites.
- בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל (benei Yisra’el) – Root: בֵּן (b-n) + proper noun; Form: Construct phrase; Translation: “the children of Yisra’el”; Notes: Repeated to emphasize the public nature of the disobedience.