וְאָכַלְתָּ֣ אֶת־כָּל־הָֽעַמִּ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֨יךָ֙ נֹתֵ֣ן לָ֔ךְ לֹא־תָחֹ֥ס עֵֽינְךָ֖ עֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וְלֹ֤א תַעֲבֹד֙ אֶת־אֱלֹ֣הֵיהֶ֔ם כִּֽי־מֹוקֵ֥שׁ ה֖וּא לָֽךְ׃ ס
And you shall consume all the peoples whom YHWH your God gives to you. Your eye shall not pity them, nor shall you serve their gods, for it will be a snare to you.
Morphology
- וְאָכַלְתָּ֣ (ve-akhalta) – Root: אכל (akal); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular with conjunctive vav; Translation: “And you shall consume”; Notes: Refers to the act of overcoming or annihilating.
- אֶת־כָּל־הָֽעַמִּ֗ים (et-kol-ha-amim) – Root: עם (am); Form: Definite article with plural noun construct; Translation: “all the peoples”; Notes: Refers to the nations to be conquered.
- אֲשֶׁ֨ר (asher) – Root: אשר (asher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “whom”; Notes: Introduces the relative clause.
- יְהוָ֤ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Refers to the covenantal name of God.
- אֱלֹהֶ֨יךָ֙ (Elohekha) – Root: אלוה (Eloah); Form: Noun, singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your God”; Notes: Personalizes the relationship.
- נֹתֵ֣ן (noten) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “gives”; Notes: Indicates continuous action.
- לָ֔ךְ (lakh) – Root: ל (le); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to you”; Notes: Denotes possession or benefit.
- לֹא־תָחֹ֥ס (lo-taḥos) – Root: חוס (ḥos); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall not pity”; Notes: Expresses prohibition of showing mercy.
- עֵֽינְךָ֖ (einekha) – Root: עין (ayin); Form: Noun, singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your eye”; Notes: Indicates personal perspective or judgment.
- עֲלֵיהֶ֑ם (aleihem) – Root: על (al); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “upon them”; Notes: Refers to the peoples being conquered.
- וְלֹ֤א (ve-lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “nor”; Notes: Connects the prohibition.
- תַעֲבֹד֙ (taʿavod) – Root: עבד (avad); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall you serve”; Notes: Prohibits idolatry or servitude to foreign gods.
- אֶת־אֱלֹ֣הֵיהֶ֔ם (et-Eloheihem) – Root: אלוה (Eloah); Form: Plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their gods”; Notes: Refers to the deities of the other nations.
- כִּֽי־מֹוקֵ֥שׁ (ki-moqesh) – Root: מוקש (moqesh); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “for it will be a snare”; Notes: Indicates a trap or danger.
- ה֖וּא (hu) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “it”; Notes: Refers to the gods or idolatry.
- לָֽךְ (lakh) – Root: ל (le); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to you”; Notes: Emphasizes personal consequence.