וּנְתָנָ֞ם יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ לְפָנֶ֖יךָ וְהִכִּיתָ֑ם הַחֲרֵ֤ם תַּחֲרִים֙ אֹתָ֔ם לֹא־תִכְרֹ֥ת לָהֶ֛ם בְּרִ֖ית וְלֹ֥א תְחָנֵּֽם׃
And YHWH your God will deliver them before you, and you shall strike them. You shall utterly destroy them; you shall not make a covenant with them nor show mercy to them.
Morphology
- וּנְתָנָ֞ם (u-netanam) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Conjunction with Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular and 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “And He will deliver them”; Notes: Refers to YHWH giving the nations into Israel’s hand.
- יְהוָ֧ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of God.
- אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ (Elohekha) – Root: אלה (ʾeloh); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your God”; Notes: Indicates possession.
- לְפָנֶ֖יךָ (le-fanekha) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine plural construct and 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “before you”; Notes: Indicates placement or presence.
- וְהִכִּיתָ֑ם (ve-hikkitam) – Root: נכה (nakah); Form: Hifil perfect 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and you shall strike them”; Notes: Indicates decisive action.
- הַחֲרֵ֤ם (ha-ḥarem) – Root: חרם (ḥaram); Form: Hifil infinitive absolute; Translation: “utterly destroy”; Notes: Denotes complete dedication to destruction.
- תַּחֲרִים֙ (taḥarim) – Root: חרם (ḥaram); Form: Hifil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you shall destroy”; Notes: Refers to carrying out divine judgment.
- אֹתָ֔ם (otam) – Root: אות (ʾot); Form: Direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “them”; Notes: Indicates the object of destruction.
- לֹא־תִכְרֹ֥ת (lo-tikrot) – Root: כרת (karat); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with negative particle; Translation: “you shall not make”; Notes: Refers to prohibiting covenant-making.
- לָהֶ֛ם (lahem) – Root: ל (l); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “with them”; Notes: Specifies the object of prohibition.
- בְּרִ֖ית (berit) – Root: ברית (berit); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “covenant”; Notes: Refers to an agreement or treaty.
- וְלֹ֥א (ve-lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Conjunction with negative particle; Translation: “nor”; Notes: Connects prohibitions.
- תְחָנֵּֽם׃ (teḥannem) – Root: חנן (ḥanan); Form: Piel imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “show mercy to them”; Notes: Indicates withholding favor or compassion.