וּבְחֹרֵ֥ב הִקְצַפְתֶּ֖ם אֶת־יְהוָ֑ה וַיִּתְאַנַּ֧ף יְהוָ֛ה בָּכֶ֖ם לְהַשְׁמִ֥יד אֶתְכֶֽם׃
And at Ḥorev, you provoked YHWH to anger, and YHWH was enraged with you to destroy you.
Morphology
- וּבְחֹרֵ֥ב (u’ve-Ḥorev) – Root: חורב (Ḥorev); Form: Conjunction + preposition + proper noun; Translation: “And at Ḥorev”; Notes: Refers to Mount Sinai where the covenant was given.
- הִקְצַפְתֶּ֖ם (hiqtsaftem) – Root: קצף (qatsaf); Form: Hifil perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you provoked to anger”; Notes: Indicates deliberate provocation of YHWH.
- אֶת־יְהוָ֑ה (et-YHWH) – Root: Divine Name; Form: Direct object marker + proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Refers to the covenant God.
- וַיִּתְאַנַּ֧ף (vayit’annaf) – Root: אנף (anaph); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and He was enraged”; Notes: Describes intense divine anger.
- יְהוָ֛ה (YHWH) – Root: Divine Name; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of God.
- בָּכֶ֖ם (bakhem) – Root: בכם (bakhem); Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “with you”; Notes: Indicates the object of God’s anger.
- לְהַשְׁמִ֥יד (lehashmid) – Root: שׁמד (shamad); Form: Hifil infinitive construct; Translation: “to destroy”; Notes: Expresses the intended action as a consequence of the provocation.
- אֶתְכֶֽם׃ (etkhem) – Root: את (et); Form: Direct object marker + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “you”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites as the recipients of divine wrath.