Exodus 10:1

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה בֹּ֖א אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֑ה כִּֽי־אֲנִ֞י הִכְבַּ֤דְתִּי אֶת־לִבֹּו֙ וְאֶת־לֵ֣ב עֲבָדָ֔יו לְמַ֗עַן שִׁתִ֛י אֹתֹתַ֥י אֵ֖לֶּה בְּקִרְבֹּֽו׃

And YHWH said to Moshe, “Go to Parʿo, for I have hardened his heart and the heart of his servants, so that I may set these signs of Mine in his midst.

 

Morphology

  1. וַיֹּ֤אמֶר (vayomer) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Common narrative form in biblical text.
  2. יְהוָה֙ (YHWH) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper Noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of God.
  3. אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה (ʾel-Mosheh) – Root: משה (M-sh-h); Form: Preposition + Proper Noun; Translation: “To Moses”; Notes: Addressed to the leader of Israel.
  4. בֹּ֖א (bo) – Root: בוא (b-w-ʾ); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperative, 2ms; Translation: “Go”; Notes: Command form, directing Moses to approach.
  5. אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֑ה (ʾel-Parʿo) – Root: N/A; Form: Preposition + Proper Noun; Translation: “To Parʿo”; Notes: Refers to Pharaoh, king of Egypt.
  6. כִּֽי־אֲנִ֞י (ki-ʾani) – Root: כי (k-y); Form: Conjunction + Pronoun; Translation: “For I”; Notes: Introduces the reason for the command.
  7. הִכְבַּ֤דְתִּי (hikbadti) – Root: כבד (k-b-d); Form: Verb, Hifil, Perfect, 1cs; Translation: “I have hardened”; Notes: Indicates divine action affecting Pharaoh’s heart.
  8. אֶת־לִבֹּו֙ (ʾet-libbo) – Root: לבב (l-b-b); Form: Direct Object Marker + Noun, ms with 3ms suffix; Translation: “His heart”; Notes: Refers to Pharaoh’s inner resolve or will.
  9. וְאֶת־לֵ֣ב (vəʾet-lev) – Root: לבב (l-b-b); Form: Conjunction + Direct Object Marker + Noun, ms construct; Translation: “And the heart of”; Notes: Extends the action to Pharaoh’s servants.
  10. עֲבָדָ֔יו (ʿavadav) – Root: עבד (ʿ-v-d); Form: Noun, mp with 3ms suffix; Translation: “His servants”; Notes: Refers to Pharaoh’s officials or aides.
  11. לְמַ֗עַן (lemaʿan) – Root: מען (m-ʿ-n); Form: Preposition; Translation: “So that”; Notes: Indicates purpose.
  12. שִׁתִ֛י (shitti) – Root: שׂים (s-y-m); Form: Verb, Qal, Infinitive Construct with 1cs suffix; Translation: “I may set”; Notes: Refers to placing signs as evidence.
  13. אֹתֹתַ֥י (ʾototai) – Root: אות (ʾ-w-t); Form: Noun, mp with 1cs suffix; Translation: “My signs”; Notes: Refers to miraculous acts.
  14. אֵ֖לֶּה (elleh) – Root: N/A; Form: Demonstrative Pronoun, mp; Translation: “These”; Notes: Specifies the signs in question.
  15. בְּקִרְבֹּֽו׃ (bəqirbo) – Root: קרב (q-r-b); Form: Noun, ms with preposition and 3ms suffix; Translation: “In his midst”; Notes: Indicates the signs will occur in Pharaoh’s domain.

 

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