וַֽיֶּחֱזַק֙ לֵ֣ב פַּרְעֹ֔ה וְלֹ֥א שִׁלַּ֖ח אֶת־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר דִּבֶּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה בְּיַד־מֹשֶֽׁה׃
And the heart of Parʿo was hardened, and he did not send the children of Yisraʾel, as YHWH had spoken through Moshe.
Morphology
- וַֽיֶּחֱזַק֙ (vayyeḥezaq) – Root: חזק (ḥ-z-q); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And was hardened”; Notes: Indicates Parʿo’s stubbornness.
- לֵ֣ב (lev) – Root: לב (l-v); Form: Noun, ms; Translation: “Heart”; Notes: Refers to the inner will or resolve.
- פַּרְעֹ֔ה (Parʿo) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper Noun; Translation: “Parʿo”; Notes: The Pharaoh of Egypt.
- וְלֹ֥א (velo) – Root: N/A; Form: Conjunction + Negative Particle; Translation: “And not”; Notes: Expresses negation.
- שִׁלַּ֖ח (shillaḥ) – Root: שלח (sh-l-ḥ); Form: Verb, Piel, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “He sent”; Notes: Refers to the act of releasing or letting go.
- אֶת־בְּנֵ֣י (ʾet-benei) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Direct Object Marker + Noun, mp construct; Translation: “The children of”; Notes: Refers to descendants.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper Noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: The people of Israel.
- כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר (kaʾasher) – Root: N/A; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “As”; Notes: Introduces a comparative clause.
- דִּבֶּ֥ר (dibber) – Root: דבר (d-b-r); Form: Verb, Piel, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “He had spoken”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s communication.
- יְהוָ֖ה (YHWH) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper Noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of God.
- בְּיַד־מֹשֶֽׁה (beyad-Mosheh) – Root: יד (y-d) + מֹשֶׁה (Mosheh); Form: Preposition + Noun, fs construct + Proper Noun; Translation: “Through Moshe”; Notes: Indicates Moshe as the messenger of YHWH.