וְעָבַרְתִּ֣י בְאֶֽרֶץ־מִצְרַיִם֮ בַּלַּ֣יְלָה הַזֶּה֒ וְהִכֵּיתִ֤י כָל־בְּכֹור֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם מֵאָדָ֖ם וְעַד־בְּהֵמָ֑ה וּבְכָל־אֱלֹהֵ֥י מִצְרַ֛יִם אֶֽעֱשֶׂ֥ה שְׁפָטִ֖ים אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃
And I will pass through the land of Mitsrayim on this night, and I will strike every firstborn in the land of Mitsrayim, from man to beast; and on all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments. I am YHWH.
Morphology
- וְעָבַרְתִּ֣י (veʿavarti) – Root: עבר (ʿ-v-r); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Perfect, 1cs; Translation: “And I will pass”; Notes: Refers to YHWH passing through Egypt.
- בְאֶֽרֶץ־מִצְרַיִם֮ (veʾeretz-mitzrayim) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ts) + מצר (m-ts-r); Form: Preposition + Noun, feminine singular construct + Proper noun; Translation: “Through the land of Egypt”; Notes: Specifies the location.
- בַּלַּ֣יְלָה (ballaylah) – Root: לילה (l-y-l-h); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “On the night”; Notes: Refers to the specific night of judgment.
- הַזֶּה֒ (hazzeh) – Root: N/A; Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “This”; Notes: Points to the specific night.
- וְהִכֵּיתִ֤י (vehikketi) – Root: נכה (n-k-h); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Hiphil, Perfect, 1cs; Translation: “And I will strike”; Notes: Refers to the act of smiting the firstborn.
- כָל־בְּכֹור֙ (kol-bekhor) – Root: בכר (b-k-r); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “Every firstborn”; Notes: Includes both human and animal firstborn.
- בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם (beʾeretz mitzrayim) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ts) + מצר (m-ts-r); Form: Preposition + Noun, feminine singular construct + Proper noun; Translation: “In the land of Egypt”; Notes: Specifies the location of the judgment.
- מֵאָדָ֖ם (meʾadam) – Root: אדם (ʾ-d-m); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “From man”; Notes: Includes human firstborn.
- וְעַד־בְּהֵמָ֑ה (veʿad-behemah) – Root: בהמה (b-h-m-h); Form: Conjunction + Preposition + Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “To beast”; Notes: Extends the judgment to animals.
- וּבְכָל־אֱלֹהֵ֥י מִצְרַ֛יִם (uvechol-elohei mitzrayim) – Root: אל (ʾ-l) + מצר (m-ts-r); Form: Conjunction + Preposition + Noun, masculine plural construct + Proper noun; Translation: “And on all the gods of Egypt”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s judgment on Egypt’s deities.
- אֶֽעֱשֶׂ֥ה (eʿeseh) – Root: עשה (ʿ-s-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 1cs; Translation: “I will execute”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s actions of judgment.
- שְׁפָטִ֖ים (shefatim) – Root: שפט (sh-p-t); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “Judgments”; Notes: Refers to divine punishments or decrees.
- אֲנִ֥י (ani) – Root: N/A; Form: Pronoun, 1cs; Translation: “I”; Notes: Emphasizes YHWH as the speaker.
- יְהוָֽה׃ (YHWH) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of God.