וְכִֽי־יָג֨וּר אִתְּךָ֜ גֵּ֗ר וְעָ֣שָׂה פֶסַח֮ לַיהוָה֒ הִמֹּ֧ול לֹ֣ו כָל־זָכָ֗ר וְאָז֙ יִקְרַ֣ב לַעֲשֹׂתֹ֔ו וְהָיָ֖ה כְּאֶזְרַ֣ח הָאָ֑רֶץ וְכָל־עָרֵ֖ל לֹֽא־יֹ֥אכַל בֹּֽו׃
If a sojourner dwells with you and desires to perform the Pesaḥ to YHWH, let every male be circumcised, and then he may come near to perform it. He shall be as a native of the land, but no uncircumcised person shall eat of it.
Morphology
- וְכִֽי־יָג֨וּר (veki-yagur) – Root: גור (g-w-r); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “If a sojourner dwells”; Notes: Introduces a conditional clause.
- אִתְּךָ֜ (ittekha) – Root: את (ʾ-t); Form: Preposition + 2ms suffix; Translation: “With you”; Notes: Refers to the host Israelite.
- גֵּ֗ר (ger) – Root: גור (g-w-r); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “A sojourner”; Notes: Refers to a resident alien or foreigner.
- וְעָ֣שָׂה (veʿasah) – Root: עשה (ʿ-s-h); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “And desires to perform”; Notes: Refers to the intent to observe the Pesaḥ.
- פֶסַח֮ (pesah) – Root: פסח (p-s-ḥ); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “The Pesaḥ”; Notes: Refers to the Passover offering.
- לַיהוָה֒ (layhwh) – Root: N/A; Form: Preposition + Proper noun; Translation: “To YHWH”; Notes: Indicates the offering is dedicated to God.
- הִמֹּ֧ול (himmol) – Root: מול (m-w-l); Form: Verb, Niphal, Infinitive absolute; Translation: “Let be circumcised”; Notes: A prerequisite for participation.
- לֹ֣ו (lo) – Root: N/A; Form: Preposition + 3ms suffix; Translation: “Every male”; Notes: Refers to male members of the sojourner’s household.
- כָל־זָכָ֗ר (kol-zakhar) – Root: זכר (z-kh-r); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “Every male”; Notes: Specifies gender.
- וְאָז֙ (veʾaz) – Root: N/A; Form: Conjunction + Adverb; Translation: “And then”; Notes: Indicates sequence.
- יִקְרַ֣ב (yiqrav) – Root: קרב (q-r-v); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “He may come near”; Notes: Refers to participation in the ritual.
- לַעֲשֹׂתֹ֔ו (laʿasoto) – Root: עשה (ʿ-s-h); Form: Preposition + Verb, Qal, Infinitive construct + 3ms suffix; Translation: “To perform it”; Notes: Refers to the Pesaḥ ritual.
- וְהָיָ֖ה (vehayah) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “He shall be”; Notes: Indicates the status of the sojourner.
- כְּאֶזְרַ֣ח (keʾezraḥ) – Root: זרח (z-r-ḥ); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “As a native”; Notes: Equates the circumcised sojourner with native Israelites.
- הָאָ֑רֶץ (haʾaretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ts); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “Of the land”; Notes: Refers to the land of Israel.
- וְכָל־עָרֵ֖ל (vechol-ʿarel) – Root: ערל (ʿ-r-l); Form: Conjunction + Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “But no uncircumcised person”; Notes: Prohibits participation for those uncircumcised.
- לֹֽא־יֹ֥אכַל (lo-yoʾkhal) – Root: אכל (ʾ-k-l); Form: Negative particle + Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “Shall not eat”; Notes: Refers to exclusion from eating the Pesaḥ.
- בֹּֽו׃ (bo) – Root: N/A; Form: Preposition + 3ms suffix; Translation: “Of it”; Notes: Refers to the Pesaḥ offering.