וַיְהִי֩ בַיָּמִ֨ים הָֽרַבִּ֜ים הָהֵ֗ם וַיָּ֨מָת֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרַ֔יִם וַיֵּאָנְח֧וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל מִן־הָעֲבֹדָ֖ה וַיִּזְעָ֑קוּ וַתַּ֧עַל שַׁוְעָתָ֛ם אֶל־הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים מִן־הָעֲבֹדָֽה׃
And it came to pass during those many days that the king of Miṣrayim died, and the children of Yiśraʾel groaned because of the labor, and they cried out; and their cry rose up to God because of the labor.
Morphology
- וַיְהִי֩ (vayyhí) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And it came to pass”; Notes: Indicates the start of a significant event.
- בַיָּמִ֨ים (vayyāmím) – Root: יום (y-w-m); Form: Noun, mp with definite article; Translation: “In the days”; Notes: Refers to a specific period of time.
- הָֽרַבִּ֜ים (harrabbím) – Root: רב (r-b); Form: Adjective, mp with definite article; Translation: “The many”; Notes: Describes the length of the days.
- הָהֵ֗ם (hāhēm) – Root: N/A; Form: Demonstrative pronoun, mp; Translation: “Those”; Notes: Refers to the previously mentioned days.
- וַיָּ֨מָת֙ (vayyāmāṯ) – Root: מות (m-w-t); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And he died”; Notes: Refers to the death of the king.
- מֶ֣לֶךְ (mélek) – Root: מלך (m-l-k); Form: Noun, ms; Translation: “King”; Notes: Refers to the ruler of Miṣrayim.
- מִצְרַ֔יִם (Miṣrayim) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Miṣrayim” (Egypt); Notes: Name of the land where the events occur.
- וַיֵּאָנְח֧וּ (vayyēʾānáḥu) – Root: אנח (ʾ-n-ḥ); Form: Verb, Nifal, Imperfect, 3mp with vav consecutive; Translation: “And they groaned”; Notes: Expresses the suffering of the children of Yiśraʾel.
- בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל (bəné-Yiśraʾel) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Noun, construct, mp + proper noun; Translation: “The children of Yiśraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the descendants of Yaʿaqov.
- מִן־הָעֲבֹדָ֖ה (min-hāʿavodāh) – Root: עבד (ʿ-b-d); Form: Noun, fs with preposition and definite article; Translation: “Because of the labor”; Notes: Indicates the cause of their suffering.
- וַיִּזְעָ֑קוּ (vayyizʿāqú) – Root: זעק (z-ʿ-q); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3mp with vav consecutive; Translation: “And they cried out”; Notes: Expresses a plea for help.
- וַתַּ֧עַל (vattáʿal) – Root: עלה (ʿ-l-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3fs with vav consecutive; Translation: “And it rose up”; Notes: Refers to their cry reaching Elohim.
- שַׁוְעָתָ֛ם (šavʿatám) – Root: שוע (š-w-ʿ); Form: Noun, fs with 3mp suffix; Translation: “Their cry”; Notes: Describes the appeal of the people.
- אֶל־הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים (ʾel-hāʾĕlōhím) – Root: אלה (ʾ-l-h); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “To Elohim”; Notes: Refers to the object of their plea.
- מִן־הָעֲבֹדָֽה (min-hāʿavodāh) – Root: עבד (ʿ-b-d); Form: Noun, fs with preposition and definite article; Translation: “Because of the labor”; Notes: Reiterates the source of their suffering.