וַיַּ֤רְא מֹשֶׁה֙ אֶת־הָעָ֔ם כִּ֥י פָרֻ֖עַ ה֑וּא כִּֽי־פְרָעֹ֣ה אַהֲרֹ֔ן לְשִׁמְצָ֖ה בְּקָמֵיהֶֽם׃
And Moshe saw the people, that they were unrestrained; for Aharon had let them loose for derision among their enemies.
Morphology
- וַיַּ֤רְא (vayyar) – Root: ראה (r-ʾ-h); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “And he saw”; Notes: Refers to Moshe observing the people.
- מֹשֶׁה֙ (Moshe) – Root: משה (m-sh-h); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Moshe”; Notes: Refers to Moses.
- אֶת־הָעָ֔ם (et-haʿam) – Root: עם (ʿ-m); Form: Direct object marker + Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “The people”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites.
- כִּ֥י (ki) – Root: כי (k-y); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “That”; Notes: Introduces the observation.
- פָרֻ֖עַ (paruʿa) – Root: פרע (p-r-ʿ); Form: Verb, Qal, Passive Participle, masculine singular; Translation: “Unrestrained”; Notes: Describes the people’s behavior.
- ה֑וּא (hu) – Root: הוא (h-w-ʾ); Form: Pronoun, 3ms; Translation: “They”; Notes: Refers back to the people.
- כִּֽי־ (ki) – Root: כי (k-y); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Provides the reason for their state.
- פְרָעֹ֣ה (feraʿo) – Root: פרע (p-r-ʿ); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “He let loose”; Notes: Refers to Aharon’s action.
- אַהֲרֹ֔ן (Aharon) – Root: אהרן (ʾ-h-r-n); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Aharon”; Notes: Refers to Aaron, Moshe’s brother.
- לְשִׁמְצָ֖ה (leshimtza) – Root: שׁמצ (sh-m-ṣ); Form: Preposition + Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “For derision”; Notes: Indicates the consequence of their unrestrained behavior.
- בְּקָמֵיהֶֽם׃ (bekamehem) – Root: קום (q-w-m); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine plural construct + Pronoun, 3mp suffix; Translation: “Among their enemies”; Notes: Refers to those opposing Yisra’el.