וַיַּעֲבֹ֨ר יְהוָ֥ה עַל־פָּנָיו֮ וַיִּקְרָא֒ יְהוָ֣ה יְהוָ֔ה אֵ֥ל רַח֖וּם וְחַנּ֑וּן אֶ֥רֶךְ אַפַּ֖יִם וְרַב־חֶ֥סֶד וֶאֱמֶֽת
And YHWH passed before him and proclaimed, “YHWH, YHWH, God merciful and gracious, slow to anger, and abundant in lovingkindness and truth.
Morphology
- וַיַּעֲבֹ֨ר (vayyaʿavor) – Root: עבר (ʿ-v-r); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms, with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And He passed”; Notes: Refers to YHWH passing before Moshe.
- יְהוָ֥ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (y-h-w-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The divine name.
- עַל־פָּנָיו֮ (ʿal-panav) – Root: פנים (p-n-y-m); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine plural construct with 3ms suffix; Translation: “Before him”; Notes: Refers to Moshe’s presence.
- וַיִּקְרָא֒ (vayyiqra) – Root: קרא (q-r-ʾ); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms, with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And He proclaimed”; Notes: YHWH is declaring His name and attributes.
- יְהוָ֣ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (y-h-w-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis on the divine identity.
- אֵ֥ל (ʾel) – Root: אל (ʾ-l); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “God”; Notes: Describes YHWH’s deity.
- רַח֖וּם (raḥum) – Root: רחם (r-ḥ-m); Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “Merciful”; Notes: Highlights YHWH’s compassion.
- וְחַנּ֑וּן (veḥannun) – Root: חנן (ḥ-n-n); Form: Conjunction + Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “And gracious”; Notes: Emphasizes YHWH’s kindness.
- אֶ֥רֶךְ (ʾerek) – Root: ארך (ʾ-r-k); Form: Adjective, masculine singular construct; Translation: “Slow”; Notes: Relates to YHWH’s patience.
- אַפַּ֖יִם (appayim) – Root: אף (ʾ-p); Form: Noun, dual, masculine; Translation: “To anger”; Notes: Dual form indicating YHWH’s restraint in anger.
- וְרַב־חֶ֥סֶד (verav-ḥesed) – Root: חסד (ḥ-s-d); Form: Conjunction + Adjective, masculine singular construct; Translation: “And abundant in lovingkindness”; Notes: Indicates YHWH’s covenantal love.
- וֶאֱמֶֽת (veʾemet) – Root: אמת (ʾ-m-t); Form: Conjunction + Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “And truth”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s reliability and faithfulness.