וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר יְהוָה֮ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֣ה וְאֶֽל־אַהֲרֹן֒ וַיְצַוֵּם֙ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְאֶל־פַּרְעֹ֖ה מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרָ֑יִם לְהֹוצִ֥יא אֶת־בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃
And YHWH spoke to Moshe and to Aharon and commanded them concerning the children of Yisra’el and concerning Parʿo, king of Mitsrayim, to bring the children of Yisra’el out of the land of Mitsrayim.
Morphology
- וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר (vayedabber) – Root: דבר (d-b-r); Form: Piel imperfect, 3ms, with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And he spoke”; Notes: Indicates divine speech directed at Moshe and Aharon.
- יְהוָה֮ (YHWH) – Root: הוה (h-w-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Refers to the divine name.
- אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֣ה (el-Moshe) – Root: משה (m-sh-h); Form: Proper noun with preposition; Translation: “To Moshe”; Notes: Moshe is the primary recipient of this command.
- וְאֶֽל־אַהֲרֹן֒ (veʾel-Aharon) – Root: אהרן (ʾ-h-r-n); Form: Proper noun with preposition; Translation: “And to Aharon”; Notes: Aharon is included as Moshe’s assistant in this command.
- וַיְצַוֵּם֙ (vaytsavvem) – Root: צוה (ts-w-h); Form: Piel imperfect, 3ms, with vav-consecutive and 3mp suffix; Translation: “And he commanded them”; Notes: Indicates a direct divine command to Moshe and Aharon.
- אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (el-benei Yisraʾel) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Construct chain with preposition; Translation: “Concerning the children of Yisra’el”; Notes: Refers to the Israelite people.
- וְאֶל־פַּרְעֹ֖ה (veʾel-Parʿo) – Root: פרע (p-r-ʿ); Form: Proper noun with preposition; Translation: “And concerning Parʿo”; Notes: Refers to the king of Mitsrayim.
- מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרָ֑יִם (melech Mitsrayim) – Root: מלך (m-l-k); Form: Noun construct; Translation: “King of Mitsrayim”; Notes: Identifies Parʿo’s role as ruler of Egypt.
- לְהֹוצִ֥יא (lehotzi) – Root: יצא (y-ts-ʾ); Form: Hiphil infinitive construct; Translation: “To bring out”; Notes: Indicates the goal of liberating Yisra’el.
- אֶת־בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל (et-benei Yisraʾel) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Construct chain with direct object marker; Translation: “The children of Yisra’el”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites as the direct object of the action.
- מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם (me-eretz Mitsrayim) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ts); Form: Noun construct with preposition; Translation: “From the land of Mitsrayim”; Notes: Indicates the place from which Yisra’el is to be brought out.