וַיַּֽעֲשׂוּ־כֵן֩ מֹשֶׁ֨ה וְאַהֲרֹ֜ן כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוָּ֣ה יְהוָ֗ה וַיָּ֤רֶם בַּמַּטֶּה֙ וַיַּ֤ךְ אֶת־הַמַּ֨יִם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּיְאֹ֔ר לְעֵינֵ֣י פַרְעֹ֔ה וּלְעֵינֵ֖י עֲבָדָ֑יו וַיֵּהָֽפְכ֛וּ כָּל־הַמַּ֥יִם אֲשֶׁר־בַּיְאֹ֖ר לְדָֽם׃
And Moshe and Aharon did so, as YHWH commanded, and he lifted up the staff and struck the water that was in the River, before Parʿo and before his servants, and all the water that was in the River turned to blood.
Morphology
- וַיַּֽעֲשׂוּ־כֵן֩ (vayyaʿasu-khen) – Root: עשה (ʿ-s-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3mp with vav consecutive + particle; Translation: “And they did so”; Notes: Describes obedience to the command.
- מֹשֶׁ֨ה (Mosheh) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Moshe”; Notes: Personal name of the prophet.
- וְאַהֲרֹ֜ן (ve-Aharon) – Root: N/A; Form: Conjunction + proper noun; Translation: “And Aharon”; Notes: Moshe’s brother and co-leader.
- כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר (kaʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾ-sh-r); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “As”; Notes: Indicates conformity with the command.
- צִוָּ֣ה (tsiwwah) – Root: צוה (ṣ-w-h); Form: Verb, Piel, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “Commanded”; Notes: Emphasizes authority.
- יְהוָ֗ה (YHWH) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The divine name.
- וַיָּ֤רֶם (vayyarom) – Root: רום (r-w-m); Form: Verb, Hiphil, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And he lifted up”; Notes: Denotes action of raising the staff.
- בַּמַּטֶּה֙ (bamateh) – Root: מטה (m-ṭ-h); Form: Noun, ms with preposition; Translation: “With the staff”; Notes: Instrument used for performing the act.
- וַיַּ֤ךְ (vayyakh) – Root: נכה (n-k-h); Form: Verb, Hiphil, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And he struck”; Notes: Indicates forceful action.
- אֶת־הַמַּ֨יִם֙ (ʾet-hammayim) – Root: מים (m-y-m); Form: Direct object marker + noun, mp; Translation: “The water”; Notes: Specifies the object of the action.
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾ-sh-r); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “That”; Notes: Introduces a subordinate clause.
- בַּיְאֹ֔ר (bayeʾor) – Root: יאור (y-ʾ-r); Form: Noun, ms with preposition; Translation: “In the Nile”; Notes: Refers to the main water source of Egypt.
- לְעֵינֵ֣י (leʿeine) – Root: עין (ʿ-y-n); Form: Noun, dual construct with preposition; Translation: “Before the eyes of”; Notes: Indicates direct witness.
- פַרְעֹ֔ה (Parʿo) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Pharaoh”; Notes: Refers to the king of Egypt.
- וּלְעֵינֵ֖י (uleʿeine) – Root: עין (ʿ-y-n); Form: Conjunction + noun, dual construct with preposition; Translation: “And before the eyes of”; Notes: Reiterates the audience.
- עֲבָדָ֑יו (ʿavadav) – Root: עבד (ʿ-b-d); Form: Noun, mp with 3ms suffix; Translation: “His servants”; Notes: Indicates Pharaoh’s officials.
- וַיֵּהָֽפְכ֛וּ (vayyehapekhu) – Root: הפך (h-p-k); Form: Verb, Niphal, Imperfect, 3mp with vav consecutive; Translation: “And they turned”; Notes: Describes the transformation.
- כָּל־הַמַּ֥יִם (kol-hammayim) – Root: מים (m-y-m); Form: Noun, mp with prefix; Translation: “All the water”; Notes: Emphasizes the totality of the transformation.
- אֲשֶׁר־בַּיְאֹ֖ר (ʾasher-bayeʾor) – Root: יאור (y-ʾ-r); Form: Relative pronoun + noun, ms with preposition; Translation: “That was in the Nile”; Notes: Specifies the source of the water.
- לְדָם׃ (ledam) – Root: דם (d-m); Form: Noun, ms with preposition; Translation: “To blood”; Notes: Indicates the transformation of water into blood.