וְהַדָּגָ֨ה אֲשֶׁר־בַּיְאֹ֥ר מֵ֨תָה֙ וַיִּבְאַ֣שׁ הַיְאֹ֔ר וְלֹא־יָכְל֣וּ מִצְרַ֔יִם לִשְׁתֹּ֥ות מַ֖יִם מִן־הַיְאֹ֑ר וַיְהִ֥י הַדָּ֖ם בְּכָל־אֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃
The fish that were in the River died, and the River stank, and the Mitsrayim could not drink water from the River, and there was blood throughout all the land of Mitsrayim.
Morphology
- וְהַדָּגָ֨ה (ve-haddagah) – Root: דג (d-g); Form: Noun, fs with conjunctive vav and definite article; Translation: “And the fish”; Notes: Refers to aquatic life in the Nile.
- אֲשֶׁר־ (ʾasher) – Root: N/A; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “That”; Notes: Introduces the clause describing the fish.
- בַּיְאֹ֥ר (ba-yeʾor) – Root: יאור (y-ʾ-r); Form: Noun, ms with preposition and definite article; Translation: “In the Nile”; Notes: Refers specifically to the Nile River.
- מֵ֨תָה (metah) – Root: מות (m-w-t); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3fs; Translation: “Died”; Notes: Indicates the death of the fish.
- וַיִּבְאַ֣שׁ (vayyivʾash) – Root: באש (b-ʾ-sh); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And it stank”; Notes: Describes the foul odor of the Nile.
- הַיְאֹ֔ר (ha-yeʾor) – Root: יאור (y-ʾ-r); Form: Noun, ms with definite article; Translation: “The Nile”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis.
- וְלֹא־יָכְל֣וּ (ve-loʾ-yakhelu) – Root: יכל (y-k-l); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3mp with negation; Translation: “And they could not”; Notes: Refers to the Egyptians’ inability to drink.
- מִצְרַ֔יִם (Mitsrayim) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Egyptians”; Notes: Indicates the people of Egypt.
- לִשְׁתֹּ֥ות (lishtot) – Root: שתה (sh-t-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Infinitive Construct; Translation: “To drink”; Notes: The infinitive form emphasizes the action.
- מַ֖יִם (mayim) – Root: מים (m-y-m); Form: Noun, mp; Translation: “Water”; Notes: Refers to the water in the Nile.
- מִן־הַיְאֹ֑ר (min-ha-yeʾor) – Root: יאור (y-ʾ-r); Form: Preposition + noun, ms with definite article; Translation: “From the Nile”; Notes: Indicates the source of the water.
- וַיְהִ֥י (vayehi) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And there was”; Notes: Introduces the state of the Nile.
- הַדָּ֖ם (hadam) – Root: דם (d-m); Form: Noun, ms with definite article; Translation: “The blood”; Notes: Emphasizes the widespread transformation.
- בְּכָל־אֶ֥רֶץ (bekhol-erets) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ts); Form: Noun, fs with preposition and construct state; Translation: “Throughout all the land of”; Notes: Indicates the extent of the plague.
- מִצְרָֽיִם (Mitsrayim) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Egypt”; Notes: Specifies the affected area.