וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח פַּרְעֹ֔ה וְהִנֵּ֗ה לֹא־מֵ֛ת מִמִּקְנֵ֥ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל עַד־אֶחָ֑ד וַיִּכְבַּד֙ לֵ֣ב פַּרְעֹ֔ה וְלֹ֥א שִׁלַּ֖ח אֶת־הָעָֽם׃
And Parʿo sent, and behold, not one of the livestock of Yisra’el had died, and the heart of Parʿo was hardened, and he did not send the people.
Morphology
- וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח (vayyishlaḥ) – Root: שלח (sh-l-ḥ); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And he sent”; Notes: Refers to Parʿo’s action of sending messengers to verify.
- פַּרְעֹ֔ה (Parʿo) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Parʿo”; Notes: The Egyptian ruler.
- וְהִנֵּ֗ה (ve-hinne) – Root: הנה (h-n-h); Form: Interjection; Translation: “And behold”; Notes: Introduces the verification of the fact.
- לֹא־מֵ֛ת (lo-met) – Root: מות (m-w-t); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3ms with negative particle; Translation: “Not one died”; Notes: Emphasizes the preservation of Israelite livestock.
- מִמִּקְנֵ֥ה (mimmiqneh) – Root: קנה (q-n-h); Form: Noun, ms with preposition; Translation: “From the livestock”; Notes: Refers to the possessions of Yisra’el.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisra’el”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites.
- עַד־אֶחָ֑ד (ʿad-eḥad) – Root: עד (ʿ-d) + אחד (ʾ-ḥ-d); Form: Preposition + numeral, ms; Translation: “Not even one”; Notes: Highlights the total protection.
- וַיִּכְבַּד֙ (vayyikhbad) – Root: כבד (k-b-d); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And it was hardened”; Notes: Refers to Parʿo’s stubbornness.
- לֵ֣ב (lev) – Root: לב (l-v); Form: Noun, ms; Translation: “Heart”; Notes: Represents Parʿo’s inner will.
- פַּרְעֹ֔ה (Parʿo) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Parʿo”; Notes: The Egyptian king.
- וְלֹ֥א (velo) – Root: N/A; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “And not”; Notes: Indicates refusal.
- שִׁלַּ֖ח (shillaḥ) – Root: שלח (sh-l-ḥ); Form: Verb, Piel, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “He sent away”; Notes: Refers to Parʿo’s refusal to release the people.
- אֶת־הָעָֽם (ʾet-haʿam) – Root: עם (ʿ-m); Form: Direct object marker + noun, ms with definite article; Translation: “The people”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites.