וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָה֮ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֣ה וְאֶֽל־אַהֲרֹן֒ קְח֤וּ לָכֶם֙ מְלֹ֣א חָפְנֵיכֶ֔ם פִּ֖יחַ כִּבְשָׁ֑ן וּזְרָקֹ֥ו מֹשֶׁ֛ה הַשָּׁמַ֖יְמָה לְעֵינֵ֥י פַרְעֹֽה׃
And YHWH said to Moshe and to Aharon, “Take for yourselves handfuls of soot from a kiln, and let Moshe throw it heavenward in the sight of Parʿo.
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֣אמֶר (vayomer) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And He said”; Notes: Refers to YHWH speaking.
- יְהוָה֮ (YHWH) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The divine name.
- אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֣ה (ʾel-Moshe) – Root: משה (M-sh-h); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “To Moshe”; Notes: Directs the command to Moshe.
- וְאֶֽל־אַהֲרֹן֒ (ve-ʾel-Aharon) – Root: אהרן (ʾ-h-r-n); Form: Conjunction + preposition + proper noun; Translation: “And to Aharon”; Notes: Includes Aharon in the command.
- קְח֤וּ (qeḥu) – Root: לקח (l-q-ḥ); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperative, 2mp; Translation: “Take”; Notes: Instruction to take an object.
- לָכֶם֙ (lakhem) – Root: N/A; Form: Preposition + 2mp suffix; Translation: “For yourselves”; Notes: Indicates personal action.
- מְלֹ֣א (melo) – Root: מלא (m-l-ʾ); Form: Noun, ms construct; Translation: “Fullness of”; Notes: Refers to the quantity.
- חָפְנֵיכֶ֔ם (ḥofneikhem) – Root: חפן (ḥ-p-n); Form: Noun, dual construct with 2mp suffix; Translation: “Your hands”; Notes: Specifies the means of carrying.
- פִּ֖יחַ (piyaḥ) – Root: פיח (p-y-ḥ); Form: Noun, ms; Translation: “Soot”; Notes: Material to be used.
- כִּבְשָׁ֑ן (kivshan) – Root: כבש (k-v-sh); Form: Noun, ms; Translation: “Of a kiln”; Notes: Indicates the origin of the soot.
- וּזְרָקֹ֥ו (uzeraqo) – Root: זרק (z-r-q); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperative, 2ms + 3ms suffix; Translation: “And throw it”; Notes: Directs the action.
- מֹשֶׁ֛ה (Moshe) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Moshe”; Notes: The actor of the action.
- הַשָּׁמַ֖יְמָה (ha-shamaymah) – Root: שמים (sh-m-y-m); Form: Noun, dual, directional; Translation: “Heavenward”; Notes: Specifies the direction.
- לְעֵינֵ֥י (leʿeine) – Root: עין (ʿ-y-n); Form: Noun, dual construct with preposition; Translation: “In the sight of”; Notes: Indicates visibility.
- פַרְעֹֽה (Parʿo) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Parʿo”; Notes: Refers to the Egyptian ruler.