וַיִּשְׂא֣וּ הַכְּרוּבִ֣ים אֶת־֠כַּנְפֵיהֶם וַיֵּרֹ֨ומּוּ מִן־הָאָ֤רֶץ לְעֵינַי֙ בְּצֵאתָ֔ם וְהָאֹֽופַנִּ֖ים לְעֻמָּתָ֑ם וַֽיַּעֲמֹ֗ד פֶּ֣תַח שַׁ֤עַר בֵּית־יְהוָה֙ הַקַּדְמֹונִ֔י וּכְבֹ֧וד אֱלֹהֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם מִלְמָֽעְלָה׃
And the keruvim lifted up their wings, and they rose up from the earth before my eyes when they went out, and the wheels were beside them, and it stood at the entrance of the eastern gate of the house of YHWH, and the glory of the God of Yisraʾel was upon them from above.
Morphology
- וַיִּשְׂאוּ (va-yisʾu) – Root: נשא; Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they lifted up”; Notes: Refers to the keruvim raising their wings.
- הַכְּרוּבִים (ha-keruvim) – Root: כרוב; Form: Definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “the keruvim”; Notes: Angelic beings associated with YHWH’s throne.
- אֶת (ʾet) – Root: —; Form: Direct object marker; Translation: —; Notes: Marks the definite direct object.
- כַּנְפֵיהֶם (kanfehem) – Root: כנף; Form: Noun feminine plural construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their wings”; Notes: Refers to the wings of the keruvim.
- וַיֵּרֹומּוּ (va-yeromu) – Root: רום; Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they rose up”; Notes: Describes their upward movement.
- מִן־הָאָרֶץ (min-ha-ʾarets) – Root: ארץ; Form: Preposition מִן + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “from the earth”; Notes: Indicates departure from the ground.
- לְעֵינַי (le-ʿeinai) – Root: עין; Form: Preposition לְ + noun feminine dual with 1st person common singular suffix; Translation: “before my eyes”; Notes: Emphasizes the prophet’s eyewitness experience.
- בְּצֵאתָם (be-tsetam) – Root: יצא; Form: Qal infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “when they went out”; Notes: Temporal clause indicating the moment of departure.
- וְהָאֹופַנִּים (ve-ha-ʾofannim) – Root: אופן; Form: Conjunction + definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “and the wheels”; Notes: Refers to the heavenly chariot imagery.
- לְעֻמָּתָם (le-ʿummatam) – Root: עמת; Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “beside them”; Notes: Indicates proximity of the wheels to the keruvim.
- וַיַּעֲמֹד (va-yaʿamod) – Root: עמד; Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and it stood”; Notes: Subject refers to the whole vision coming to a halt at the gate.
- פֶּתַח (petach) – Root: פתח; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “entrance”; Notes: Refers to the opening of the gate.
- שַׁעַר (shaʿar) – Root: שער; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “gate”; Notes: Specifies the architectural feature.
- בֵּית־יְהוָה (beit-YHWH) – Root: בית; Form: Construct noun masculine singular + divine name; Translation: “house of YHWH”; Notes: Refers to the Temple.
- הַקַּדְמֹונִי (ha-qadmoni) – Root: קדם; Form: Definite adjective masculine singular; Translation: “the eastern”; Notes: Refers to the east-facing gate of the Temple.
- וּכְבֹוד (u-khevod) – Root: כבד; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “and the glory of”; Notes: Indicates divine majesty and presence.
- אֱלֹהֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵל (Elohei-Yisraʾel) – Root: אל; Form: Construct plural noun with proper noun; Translation: “the God of Yisraʾel”; Notes: Emphasizes covenant identity.
- עֲלֵיהֶם (ʿaleihem) – Root: על; Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “upon them”; Notes: Indicates the divine presence resting above the keruvim and wheels.
- מִלְמָעְלָה (milmaʿlah) – Root: מעל; Form: Adverb; Translation: “from above”; Notes: Expresses the elevated source of the glory.