וְה֕וּא אֶת־כָּל־אֵ֖לֶּה לֹ֣א עָשָׂ֑ה כִּ֣י גַ֤ם אֶל־הֶֽהָרִים֙ אָכַ֔ל וְאֶת־אֵ֥שֶׁת רֵעֵ֖הוּ טִמֵּֽא׃
But he has not done all these, for even to the mountains he ate, and the wife of his neighbor he defiled.
Morphology
- וְהוּא (ve-hu) – Root: הוא; Form: Conjunction + independent pronoun masculine singular; Translation: “but he”; Notes: Marks contrast with the previous example.
- אֶת־ (et) – Root: את; Form: Direct object marker; Translation: [not translated]; Notes: Marks the definite object of the verb “did.”
- כָּל־ (kol) – Root: כל; Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “all of”; Notes: Governs the following demonstrative.
- אֵלֶּה (elleh) – Root: אלה; Form: Demonstrative pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “these”; Notes: Refers to the righteous deeds just listed.
- לֹא (lo) – Root: לא; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the verb.
- עָשָׂה (ʿasah) – Root: עשׂה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he did”; Notes: Here negated — “he has not done.”
- כִּי (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces the reason or explanation.
- גַם (gam) – Root: גם; Form: Adverb; Translation: “even”; Notes: Adds emphasis, intensifying the accusation.
- אֶל־ (el) – Root: אל; Form: Preposition; Translation: “to”; Notes: Introduces the object of worship/eating.
- הֶהָרִים (he-harim) – Root: הר; Form: Noun masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “the mountains”; Notes: Refers to high places where idolatrous meals were eaten.
- אָכַל (akhal) – Root: אכל; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he ate”; Notes: Refers to eating sacrificial meals on the high places.
- וְאֶת־ (ve-et) – Root: את; Form: Conjunction + direct object marker; Translation: [not translated]; Notes: Marks the definite object “the wife of his neighbor.”
- אֵשֶׁת (eshet) – Root: אשׁה; Form: Noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “wife of”; Notes: Construct with the following noun.
- רֵעֵהוּ (reʿehu) – Root: רע; Form: Noun masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his neighbor”; Notes: Specifies the woman as another man’s wife.
- טִמֵּא (timmeʾ) – Root: טמא; Form: Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he defiled”; Notes: Refers to sexual defilement, an act of adultery.