Ezekiel 18:21

וְהָרָשָׁ֗ע כִּ֤י יָשׁוּב֙ מִכָּל־חַטָּאתָ֔יו אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֔ה וְשָׁמַר֙ אֶת־כָּל־חֻקֹּותַ֔י וְעָשָׂ֥ה מִשְׁפָּ֖ט וּצְדָקָ֑ה חָיֹ֥ה יִחְיֶ֖ה לֹ֥א יָמֽוּת׃

And the wicked, when he turns back from all his sins that he has done and keeps all My statutes and does justice and righteousness, he shall surely live, he shall not die.

Morphology

1. וְהָרָשָׁע (ve-ha-rashaʿ) – Root: רשע; Form: Conjunction + adjective masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “and the wicked”; Notes: Introduces the subject of the condition.
2. כִּי (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “when”; Notes: Introduces a conditional clause.
3. יָשׁוּב (yashuv) – Root: שׁוב; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he turns back”; Notes: Indicates repentance or reversal of course.
4. מִכָּל־חַטֹּאתָיו (mi-kol-ḥattoʾtav) – Root: חטא; Form: Preposition + noun feminine plural construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “from all his sins”; Notes: Refers to totality of his sinful deeds.
5. אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Links to the sins committed.
6. עָשָׂה (ʿasah) – Root: עשׂה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he has done”; Notes: Refers to his past actions.
7. וְשָׁמַר (ve-shamar) – Root: שׁמר; Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he keeps”; Notes: Refers to careful observance of statutes.
8. אֶת־כָּל־חֻקֹּותַי (et-kol-ḥuqqotai) – Root: חוק; Form: Direct object marker + noun masculine plural construct + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “all My statutes”; Notes: Emphasizes obedience to YHWH’s commands.
9. וְעָשָׂה (ve-ʿasah) – Root: עשׂה; Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he does”; Notes: Adds positive actions of justice and righteousness.
10. מִשְׁפָּט (mishpat) – Root: שׁפט; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “justice”; Notes: Legal fairness and judgment.
11. וּצְדָקָה (u-tsedaqah) – Root: צדק; Form: Conjunction + noun feminine singular; Translation: “and righteousness”; Notes: Moral integrity and ethical behavior.
12. חָיֹה (ḥayo) – Root: חיה; Form: Infinitive absolute; Translation: “surely live”; Notes: Used for emphasis with the finite verb that follows.
13. יִחְיֶה (yiḥyeh) – Root: חיה; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he shall live”; Notes: Main declaration of survival.
14. לֹא (lo) – Root: לא; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not.”
15. יָמוּת (yamut) – Root: מות; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he shall die”; Notes: Here negated: “he shall not die.”