הֵ֤ן כָּל־הַנְּפָשֹׁות֙ לִ֣י הֵ֔נָּה כְּנֶ֧פֶשׁ הָאָ֛ב וּכְנֶ֥פֶשׁ הַבֵּ֖ן לִי־הֵ֑נָּה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַחֹטֵ֖את הִ֥יא תָמֽוּת׃ ס
Behold, all the souls are to Me; as the soul of the father, so also the soul of the son, they are to Me; the soul that sins, it shall die.
Morphology
- הֵן (hen) – Root: הֵן; Form: Demonstrative particle; Translation: “Behold”; Notes: Draws attention to the declaration.
- כָּל־ (kol) – Root: כל; Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “all of”; Notes: Governs the following definite noun.
- הַנְּפָשֹׁות (ha-nefashot) – Root: נפשׁ; Form: Noun feminine plural with definite article; Translation: “the souls”; Notes: Refers to living beings/persons.
- לִי (li) – Root: ל + suffix י; Form: Preposition with 1st person common singular suffix; Translation: “to Me”; Notes: Indicates belonging to YHWH.
- הֵנָּה (henna) – Root: הֵן; Form: Demonstrative pronoun feminine plural; Translation: “they are”; Notes: Emphasizes identity or possession.
- כְּנֶפֶשׁ (ke-nefesh) – Root: נפשׁ; Form: Preposition כְּ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “as the soul”; Notes: Introduces comparison.
- הָאָב (ha-av) – Root: אב; Form: Noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the father”; Notes: Represents one generation.
- וּכְנֶפֶשׁ (u-ke-nefesh) – Root: נפשׁ; Form: Conjunction + preposition כְּ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “and as the soul”; Notes: Parallel comparison.
- הַבֵּן (ha-ben) – Root: בן; Form: Noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the son”; Notes: Represents the next generation.
- לִי (li) – Root: ל + suffix י; Form: Preposition with 1st person common singular suffix; Translation: “to Me”; Notes: Repetition emphasizes YHWH’s ownership.
- הֵנָּה (henna) – Root: הֵן; Form: Demonstrative pronoun feminine plural; Translation: “they are”; Notes: Confirms both belong equally to YHWH.
- הַנֶּפֶשׁ (ha-nefesh) – Root: נפשׁ; Form: Noun feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “the soul”; Notes: Introduces the subject of the concluding judgment.
- הַחֹטֵאת (ha-ḥoteʾt) – Root: חטא; Form: Qal participle feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “that sins”; Notes: Active participle denoting the one committing sin.
- הִיא (hi) – Root: היא; Form: Independent pronoun feminine singular; Translation: “it”; Notes: Emphatic subject marker.
- תָמוּת (tamut) – Root: מות; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “shall die”; Notes: Divine judicial decree of death for sinning soul.