Ezekiel 22:28

וּנְבִיאֶ֗יהָ טָח֤וּ לָהֶם֙ תָּפֵ֔ל חֹזִ֣ים שָׁ֔וְא וְקֹסְמִ֥ים לָהֶ֖ם כָּזָ֑ב אֹמְרִ֗ים כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה וַֽיהוָ֖ה לֹ֥א דִבֵּֽר׃

And her prophets have daubed for them with whitewash, seeing vanity and divining for them lies, saying, ‘Thus says the Lord YHWH,’ though YHWH has not spoken.

Morphology

1. וּנְבִיאֶיהָ (u-neviʾeha) – Root: נבא (naviʾ); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine plural construct + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “and her prophets”; Notes: Refers to the prophets of Jerusalem, often false.
2. טָחוּ (taḥu) – Root: טוח (ṭuaḥ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they have daubed/plastered”; Notes: Used figuratively for covering over corruption with lies.
3. לָהֶם (lahem) – Root: ל; Form: Preposition לְ + third person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “for them”; Notes: Refers to the people being misled.
4. תָּפֵל (tafel) – Root: תפל (tafel); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “whitewash” / “worthless coating”; Notes: Symbol of superficial covering of corruption.
5. חֹזִים (ḥozim) – Root: חזה (ḥazah); Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “seeing”; Notes: Refers to prophetic visions, here vain or false.
6. שָׁוְא (shav) – Root: שׁוא (shav); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “vanity”; Notes: Emptiness, falsehood, deceptive vision.
7. וְקֹסְמִים (ve-qosmim) – Root: קסם (qasam); Form: Qal participle masculine plural with prefixed conjunction; Translation: “and divining”; Notes: Refers to occultic practice of false prophets.
8. לָהֶם (lahem) – Form: Preposition לְ + third person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “for them”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis of serving the people lies.
9. כָּזָב (kazav) – Root: כזב (kazav); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “lie”; Notes: Statement of falsehood in prophetic speech.
10. אֹמְרִים (ʾomrim) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Continuous proclamation by the false prophets.
11. כֹּה (koh) – Form: Demonstrative adverb; Translation: “thus”; Notes: Prophetic formula introducing a declaration.
12. אָמַר (ʾamar) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has said”; Notes: Standard prophetic speech formula.
13. אֲדֹנָי (ʾadonai) – Root: אדן (ʾadon); Form: Noun masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix (used as divine title); Translation: “Lord”; Notes: Divine title often combined with YHWH.
14. יְהוִה (YHWH) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of God.
15. וַיהוָה (va-YHWH) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Conjunction + proper divine name; Translation: “and YHWH”; Notes: Contrasts the claim of the false prophets with reality.
16. לֹא (lo) – Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Denotes negation.
17. דִבֵּר (dibber) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he spoke”; Notes: Emphatic form; YHWH had not given these prophets any true word.