וְאֶת־תַּזְנוּתֶ֤יהָ מִמִּצְרַ֨יִם֙ לֹ֣א עָזָ֔בָה כִּ֤י אֹותָהּ֙ שָׁכְב֣וּ בִנְעוּרֶ֔יהָ וְהֵ֥מָּה עִשּׂ֖וּ דַּדֵּ֣י בְתוּלֶ֑יהָ וַיִּשְׁפְּכ֥וּ תַזְנוּתָ֖ם עָלֶֽיהָ׃
And her harlotries from Mitsrayim she did not leave, for they lay with her in her youth, and they handled her virgin bosoms, and they poured out their harlotry upon her.
Morphology
- וְאֶת־תַּזְנוּתֶיהָ (ve-et-taznuteha) – Root: זנה (zanah); Form: Conjunction + object marker + noun feminine plural abstract with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “and her harlotries”; Notes: Refers to idolatrous and immoral practices.
- מִמִּצְרַיִם (mi-Mitsrayim) – Root: מצרים (Mitsrayim); Form: Preposition מִן + proper noun; Translation: “from Mitsrayim”; Notes: Alludes to her early corruption in Egypt.
- לֹא (lo) – Root: — ; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Denotes negation.
- עָזָבָה (ʿazavah) – Root: עזב (ʿazav); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “she left”; Notes: Refers to not abandoning former practices.
- כִּי (ki) – Root: — ; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces reason or explanation.
- אֹותָהּ (otah) – Root: את; Form: Direct object pronoun 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “her”; Notes: Refers to Oholah, the allegorical figure.
- שָׁכְבוּ (shakhvu) – Root: שׁכב (shakhav); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they lay”; Notes: Sexual act, used here figuratively for defilement.
- בִנְעוּרֶיהָ (bi-neʿureha) – Root: נער (naʿar); Form: Preposition בְ + noun masculine plural construct + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “in her youth”; Notes: Refers to early stages of her figurative life.
- וְהֵמָּה (ve-hemmah) – Root: — ; Form: Independent pronoun masculine plural with conjunction; Translation: “and they”; Notes: Emphasizes the perpetrators.
- עִשּׂוּ (ʿissu) – Root: עשׂה (ʿasah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they handled / dealt with”; Notes: Violent act of exploitation.
- דַּדֵּי (daddei) – Root: דד (dad); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “bosoms of”; Notes: Poetic/erotic term for breasts, emphasizing innocence lost.
- בְתוּלֶיהָ (betuleha) – Root: בתל (betulah); Form: Noun feminine plural construct + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “her virginity”; Notes: Symbol of purity corrupted.
- וַיִּשְׁפְּכוּ (va-yishpeku) – Root: שׁפך (shafakh); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they poured out”; Notes: Metaphor of excessive indulgence in harlotry.
- תַזְנוּתָם (taznutam) – Root: זנה (zanah); Form: Noun feminine singular abstract + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their harlotry”; Notes: Idolatrous practice personified.
- עָלֶיהָ (ʿaleha) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “upon her”; Notes: Marks the object of their defilement.