Ezekiel 32:31

אֹותָם֙ יִרְאֶ֣ה פַרְעֹ֔ה וְנִחַ֖ם עַל־כָּל־הֲמֹונֹ֑ו חַלְלֵי־חֶ֨רֶב֙ פַּרְעֹ֣ה וְכָל־חֵילֹ֔ו נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃

Parʿo shall see them and be comforted over all his multitude, Parʿo and all his army slain by the sword,” declares the Lord YHWH.

Morphology

1. אֹותָם (otam) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Direct object pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “them”; Notes: Refers to the nations and kings previously mentioned as lying slain in Sheol.
2. יִרְאֶה (yirʾeh) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he shall see”; Notes: Indicates Pharaoh’s vision or awareness of those judged before him—an ironic reversal of his past pride.
3. פַרְעֹה (Parʿo) – Root: Egyptian loanword; Form: Proper noun masculine singular; Translation: “Pharaoh”; Notes: Refers to the ruler of Mitsrayim, often used generically for the Egyptian monarchy.
4. וְנִחַם (ve-nikham) – Root: נחם (naḥam); Form: Nifal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with conjunction וְ; Translation: “and he shall be comforted”; Notes: Can denote regret or ironic consolation; Pharaoh finds a grim comfort in sharing the fate of other fallen rulers.
5. עַל־ (ʿal) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition; Translation: “over / concerning”; Notes: Introduces the object of Pharaoh’s comfort—his multitude.
6. כָּל־ (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “all of”; Notes: Quantifier denoting entirety or completeness of the following noun.
7. הֲמֹונֹו (hamono) – Root: המון (hamon); Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “his multitude”; Notes: Refers to the people or army of Egypt—Pharaoh’s followers now dead like him.
8. חַלְלֵי־ (ḥalalei) – Root: חלל (ḥalal); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “slain of”; Notes: Introduces the construct chain “slain of the sword.”
9. חֶרֶב (ḥerev) – Root: חרב (ḥerev); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “the sword”; Notes: Symbol of military destruction and divine judgment.
10. פַּרְעֹה (Parʿo) – Root: Egyptian loanword; Form: Proper noun masculine singular; Translation: “Pharaoh”; Notes: Repetition emphasizes the subject’s downfall—Pharaoh, once exalted, now equal among the slain.
11. וְכָל־ (ve-khol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “and all of”; Notes: Connects Pharaoh’s fate with that of his entire military force.
12. חֵילֹו (ḥeilo) – Root: חיל (ḥayil); Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “his army / his forces”; Notes: Denotes both military strength and wealth—here annihilated by divine decree.
13. נְאֻם (neʾum) – Root: נאם (naʾam); Form: Noun masculine singular (verbal noun); Translation: “utterance / declaration”; Notes: Prophetic formula introducing divine speech.
14. אֲדֹנָי (Adonai) – Root: אדן (adon); Form: Noun masculine plural of majesty; Translation: “Lord”; Notes: Title for God emphasizing sovereign rule.
15. יְהוִה (YHWH) – Root: Divine Name; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenantal name of Israel’s God, marking this pronouncement as a divine oracle of judgment.