Ezekiel 32:32

כִּֽי־נָתַ֥תִּי אֶת־חִתִּיתֹו בְּאֶ֣רֶץ חַיִּ֑ים וְהֻשְׁכַּב֩ בְּתֹ֨וךְ עֲרֵלִ֜ים אֶת־חַלְלֵי־חֶ֗רֶב פַּרְעֹה֙ וְכָל־הֲמֹונֹ֔ו נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃ פ

For I have set his terror in the land of the living, and he shall be laid in the midst of the uncircumcised with those slain by the sword, Parʿo and all his multitude,” declares the Lord YHWH.

Morphology

1. כִּי־ (ki) – Root: Particle; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for / because”; Notes: Introduces the reason for the preceding divine declaration, explaining YHWH’s judgment.
2. נָתַתִּי (natatti) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal perfect 1st person common singular; Translation: “I have given / set”; Notes: Expresses YHWH’s decisive act—placing Pharaoh’s terror as a sign among the living.
3. אֶת־ (ʾet) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Direct object marker; Translation: “(marks the direct object)”; Notes: Introduces the object “his terror.”
4. חִתִּיתֹו (ḥittito) – Root: חתת (ḥatat); Form: Noun feminine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “his terror”; Notes: Refers to the dread Pharaoh inspired, now ironically turned against him.
5. בְּאֶרֶץ (be-erets) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Preposition בְ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “in the land”; Notes: Locative preposition indicating where the terror was manifested.
6. חַיִּים (ḥayyim) – Root: חיה (ḥayah); Form: Noun masculine plural (plural of intensity); Translation: “of the living”; Notes: Denotes the realm of the living as opposed to the underworld (Sheol).
7. וְהֻשְׁכַּב (ve-hushkav) – Root: שׁכב (shakav); Form: Hophal perfect 3rd person masculine singular + conjunction וְ; Translation: “and he was laid”; Notes: Passive causative form—Pharaoh is made to lie among the dead, signifying humiliation in death.
8. בְּתֹוךְ (be-tokh) – Root: תוך (tokh); Form: Preposition בְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “in the midst of”; Notes: Denotes placement within a group—the uncircumcised nations of Sheol.
9. עֲרֵלִים (ʿarelim) – Root: ערל (ʿarel); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “uncircumcised”; Notes: Symbolic of pagan nations outside the covenant, associated with impurity and death.
10. אֶת־ (ʾet) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Direct object marker; Translation: “(marks the direct object)”; Notes: Introduces the phrase “those slain by the sword.”
11. חַלְלֵי־ (ḥalalei) – Root: חלל (ḥalal); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “slain of”; Notes: Part of a construct phrase meaning “slain of the sword.”
12. חֶרֶב (ḥerev) – Root: חרב (ḥerev); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “the sword”; Notes: Represents war and divine judgment as the means of Pharaoh’s downfall.
13. פַּרְעֹה (Parʿo) – Root: Egyptian loanword; Form: Proper noun masculine singular; Translation: “Pharaoh”; Notes: Refers to the ruler of Mitsrayim, symbolizing Egypt’s pride and downfall.
14. וְכָל־ (ve-khol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “and all of”; Notes: Joins Pharaoh with his multitude, completing the image of collective ruin.
15. הֲמֹונֹו (hamono) – Root: המון (hamon); Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “his multitude”; Notes: Refers to the vast number of Pharaoh’s followers or troops now slain.
16. נְאֻם (neʾum) – Root: נאם (naʾam); Form: Noun masculine singular (verbal noun); Translation: “utterance / declaration”; Notes: Marks the prophetic authority of the divine pronouncement.
17. אֲדֹנָי (Adonai) – Root: אדן (adon); Form: Noun masculine plural of majesty; Translation: “Lord”; Notes: Honorific title expressing divine sovereignty.
18. יְהוִה (YHWH) – Root: Divine Name; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenantal name of Israel’s God, concluding the oracle with divine authority and finality.