וְרֹ֣חַב הַפֶּתַח֮ עֶ֣שֶׂר אַמֹּות֒ וְכִתְפֹ֣ות הַפֶּ֔תַח חָמֵ֤שׁ אַמֹּות֙ מִפֹּ֔ו וְחָמֵ֥שׁ אַמֹּ֖ות מִפֹּ֑ו וַיָּ֤מָד אָרְכֹּו֙ אַרְבָּעִ֣ים אַמָּ֔ה וְרֹ֖חַב עֶשְׂרִ֥ים אַמָּֽה׃
And the width of the entrance was ten cubits, and the sides of the entrance five cubits on this side and five cubits on that side; and he measured its length, forty cubits, and its width, twenty cubits.
Morphology
- וְרֹחַב (ve-roḥav) – Root: רחב (raḥav); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and the width”; Notes: Introduces the horizontal dimension of the structure’s opening.
- הַפֶּתַח (ha-petaḥ) – Root: פתח (pataḥ); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the entrance”; Notes: Refers to the main doorway leading into the temple chamber.
- עֶשֶׂר (ʿeser) – Root: עשר (ʿasar); Form: Numeral feminine singular; Translation: “ten”; Notes: Indicates the width of the entrance in cubits.
- אַמֹּות (ʾammot) – Root: אמה (ʾammah); Form: Noun feminine plural; Translation: “cubits”; Notes: Ancient unit of measurement (~45–52 cm per cubit).
- וְכִתְפֹות (ve-khitfot) – Root: כתף (katef); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun feminine plural; Translation: “and the sides”; Notes: Refers to the jambs or shoulders flanking the entranceway.
- הַפֶּתַח (ha-petaḥ) – Root: פתח (pataḥ); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “of the entrance”; Notes: Specifies which sides are being measured.
- חָמֵשׁ (ḥamesh) – Root: חמש (ḥamash); Form: Numeral feminine singular; Translation: “five”; Notes: Describes the measurement of one side of the entrance.
- אַמֹּות (ʾammot) – Root: אמה (ʾammah); Form: Noun feminine plural; Translation: “cubits”; Notes: Unit of measurement, repeated to indicate both sides.
- מִפֹּו (mippō) – Root: פה (peh); Form: Preposition מִן + adverb of place; Translation: “on this side”; Notes: Specifies spatial orientation for one side of the entrance.
- וְחָמֵשׁ (ve-ḥamesh) – Root: חמש (ḥamash); Form: Conjunction וְ + numeral feminine singular; Translation: “and five”; Notes: Refers to the matching width of the opposite side.
- אַמֹּות (ʾammot) – Root: אמה (ʾammah); Form: Noun feminine plural; Translation: “cubits”; Notes: Repetition reinforces symmetry in architectural proportions.
- מִפֹּו (mippō) – Root: פה (peh); Form: Preposition מִן + adverb of place; Translation: “on that side”; Notes: Marks the second, corresponding jamb of the entrance.
- וַיָּמָד (va-yamad) – Root: מדד (madad); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he measured”; Notes: Continues the prophet’s visionary sequence of precise architectural measurements.
- אָרְכֹּו (ʾorko) – Root: ארך (ʾarakh); Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 3ms; Translation: “its length”; Notes: Refers to the measured longitudinal span of the hall or chamber.
- אַרְבָּעִים (ʾarbaʿim) – Root: ארבע (ʾarbaʿ); Form: Numeral; Translation: “forty”; Notes: Specifies the temple hall’s length in cubits.
- אַמָּה (ʾammah) – Root: אמה (ʾammah); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “cubit”; Notes: Indicates the measurement standard used throughout the vision.
- וְרֹחַב (ve-roḥav) – Root: רחב (raḥav); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and the width”; Notes: Completes the description of the hall’s proportions.
- עֶשְׂרִים (ʿesrim) – Root: עשר (ʿasar); Form: Numeral; Translation: “twenty”; Notes: Measurement of the sanctuary’s interior width in cubits.
- אַמָּה (ʾammah) – Root: אמה (ʾammah); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “cubit”; Notes: Concludes the verse’s enumeration of temple dimensions.