וְשֶׂה־אַחַ֨ת מִן־הַצֹּ֤אן מִן־הַמָּאתַ֨יִם֙ מִמַּשְׁקֵ֣ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לְמִנְחָ֖ה וּלְעֹולָ֣ה וְלִשְׁלָמִ֑ים לְכַפֵּ֣ר עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃
And one lamb out of the flock, out of two hundred, from the well-watered pastures of Yisraʾel, for a grain offering, and for a burnt offering, and for peace offerings, to make atonement for them,” declares the Lord YHWH.
Morphology
- וְשֶׂה (ve-seh) – Root: שה (seh); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and a lamb”; Notes: Refers to a young sheep or goat suitable for sacrifice.
- אַחַת (ʾaḥat) – Root: אחד (ʾeḥad); Form: Numeral feminine singular; Translation: “one”; Notes: Modifies “lamb,” indicating one out of every two hundred animals.
- מִן־הַצֹּאן (min-ha-tson) – Root: צאן (tson); Form: Preposition מִן + definite noun common plural (collective); Translation: “from the flock”; Notes: Refers to domesticated sheep and goats collectively.
- מִן־הַמָּאתַיִם (min-ha-maatayim) – Root: מאת (meʾah); Form: Preposition מִן + definite numeral dual; Translation: “out of two hundred”; Notes: Specifies the proportional requirement for the offering.
- מִמַּשְׁקֵה (mi-mashqe) – Root: שׁקה (shaqah); Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “from the well-watered place of”; Notes: Refers metaphorically to fertile, irrigated land producing rich pasture.
- יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the nation whose resources and offerings belong to YHWH.
- לְמִנְחָה (le-minḥah) – Root: נחה (naḥah); Form: Preposition לְ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “for a grain offering”; Notes: Refers to a cereal or meal offering, often of fine flour mixed with oil.
- וּלְעֹולָה (u-le-ʿolah) – Root: עלה (ʿalah); Form: Conjunction וְ + preposition לְ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “and for a burnt offering”; Notes: Indicates a sacrifice wholly consumed by fire, signifying total devotion to YHWH.
- וְלִשְׁלָמִים (ve-li-shlamim) – Root: שלם (shalam); Form: Conjunction וְ + preposition לְ + noun masculine plural; Translation: “and for peace offerings”; Notes: Denotes sacrifices expressing fellowship, thanksgiving, or covenantal harmony.
- לְכַפֵּר (le-khapper) – Root: כפר (kapar); Form: Preposition לְ + Piel infinitive construct; Translation: “to make atonement”; Notes: The Piel stem emphasizes the act of expiation or reconciliation with YHWH.
- עֲלֵיהֶם (ʿaleihem) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition עַל + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “for them” or “upon them”; Notes: Refers to the people of Yisraʾel, on whose behalf the offerings secure atonement.
- נְאֻם (neʾum) – Root: נאם (naʾam); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “utterance” or “declaration”; Notes: A formal prophetic expression introducing divine speech.
- אֲדֹנָי (ʾadonai) – Root: אדן (ʾadon); Form: Noun masculine plural in construct (plural of majesty); Translation: “Lord”; Notes: A title expressing sovereignty and authority.
- יְהוִה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (havah); Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The personal, covenantal name of Israel’s God, emphasizing divine authorship of the command.