Genesis 18:13

ויאמר יהוה אל אברהם למה זה צחקה שרה לאמר האף אמנם אלד ואני זקנתי׃

Gen 18:13 [Samaritan]
ויאמר יהוה אל אברהם למה זה צחקה שרה לאמר האף אמנם אלד ואני זקנתי׃

Gen 18:13 [Masoretic]
וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל־אַבְרָהָם לָמָּה זֶּה צָחֲקָה שָׂרָה לֵאמֹר הַאַף אֻמְנָם אֵלֵד וַאֲנִי זָקַֽנְתִּי׃

Gen 18:13 [Targum Onkelos]
וַאֲמַר יְיָ לְאַבְרָהָם לְמָא דְנָן חַיֵיכַת שָׂרָה לְמֵימַר הַבְקוּשְׁטָא אֵילִיד וַאֲנָא סֵיבִית׃

Gen 18:13 [Peshitta]
ܘܐܡܼܪ ܡܪܝܐ ܠܐܒܪܗܡ܂ ܠܡܢܐ ܓܚܼܟܬ ܣܪܐ ܘܐܡܼܪܬ܂ ܫܪܝܪܐܝܬ ܐܠܕ ܐܢܐ ܕܣܐܒܬ܂

 

וַיֹּ֥אמֶר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־אַבְרָהָ֑ם לָ֣מָּה זֶּה֩ צָחֲקָ֨ה שָׂרָ֜ה לֵאמֹ֗ר הַאַ֥ף אֻמְנָ֛ם אֵלֵ֖ד וַאֲנִ֥י זָקַֽנְתִּי׃

And YHWH said to Avraham, “Why did Sarah laugh, saying, ‘Shall I indeed bear a child, now that I am old?’

 

Morphology

  1. וַיֹּ֥אמֶר (vayomer) – Root: אמר (amar); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Refers to the LORD speaking to Abraham.
  2. יְהוָ֖ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “the LORD”; Notes: Refers to the covenantal name of God.
  3. אֶל־אַבְרָהָ֑ם (el-Avraham) – Root: אברם (Avraham); Form: Preposition + Proper noun; Translation: “to Abraham”; Notes: Indicates the direction of the speech.
  4. לָ֣מָּה (lamah) – Root: למה (lamah); Form: Interrogative adverb; Translation: “Why”; Notes: Introduces a question about Sarah’s reaction.
  5. זֶּה֩ (zeh) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Refers to the act of laughing.
  6. צָחֲקָ֨ה (tzachaqah) – Root: צחק (tzachaq); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3fs; Translation: “she laughed”; Notes: Describes Sarah’s reaction.
  7. שָׂרָ֜ה (Sarah) – Root: שרה (Sarah); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Sarah”; Notes: Refers to Abraham’s wife.
  8. לֵאמֹ֗ר (le’emor) – Root: אמר (amar); Form: Infinitive construct; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Introduces Sarah’s statement.
  9. הַאַ֥ף (ha’af) – Root: אף (af); Form: Interrogative particle; Translation: “Shall”; Notes: Introduces Sarah’s disbelief.
  10. אֻמְנָ֛ם (umnam) – Root: אמן (aman); Form: Adverb; Translation: “indeed”; Notes: Indicates Sarah’s doubt.
  11. אֵלֵ֖ד (eled) – Root: ילד (yalad); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 1cs; Translation: “I shall bear”; Notes: Refers to Sarah’s potential action.
  12. וַאֲנִ֥י (va’ani) – Root: אני (ani); Form: Pronoun, 1cs; Translation: “and I”; Notes: Emphasizes Sarah’s statement.
  13. זָקַֽנְתִּי (zaqanti) – Root: זקן (zaqan); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 1cs; Translation: “I am old”; Notes: Highlights Sarah’s disbelief due to her age.

 

 

 

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