וַיְהִ֤י עֵשָׂו֙ בֶּן־אַרְבָּעִ֣ים שָׁנָ֔ה וַיִּקַּ֤ח אִשָּׁה֙ אֶת־יְהוּדִ֔ית בַּת־בְּאֵרִ֖י הַֽחִתִּ֑י וְאֶת־בָּ֣שְׂמַ֔ת בַּת־אֵילֹ֖ן הַֽחִתִּֽי׃
And Esav was forty years old, and he took a wife, Yehudit, daughter of Be’eri the Ḥittite, and Bosmat, daughter of Elon the Ḥittite.
Morphology
- וַיְהִ֤י (vayehi) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And he was”; Notes: Indicates the age of Esav at this event.
- עֵשָׂו֙ (Esav) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Esav”; Notes: Name of the individual, also known as Esau.
- בֶּן־אַרְבָּעִ֣ים (ben-arbaʿim) – Root: בן (b-n) + ארבע (ʾ-r-b-ʿ); Form: Noun, construct; Translation: “forty years old”; Notes: Indicates Esav’s age.
- שָׁנָ֔ה (shanah) – Root: שנה (sh-n-h); Form: Noun, fs; Translation: “years”; Notes: Completes the description of Esav’s age.
- וַיִּקַּ֤ח (vayyiqaḥ) – Root: לקח (l-q-ḥ); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And he took”; Notes: Refers to the act of marrying.
- אִשָּׁה֙ (ishah) – Root: אשה (ʾ-sh-h); Form: Noun, fs; Translation: “a wife”; Notes: Indicates the action of taking a wife.
- אֶת־יְהוּדִ֔ית (ʾet-Yehudit) – Root: N/A; Form: Direct object marker + proper noun; Translation: “Yehudit”; Notes: Name of the first wife.
- בַּת־בְּאֵרִ֖י (bat-Beʾeri) – Root: בת (b-t) + באר (b-ʾ-r); Form: Noun construct + proper noun; Translation: “daughter of Beʾeri”; Notes: Identifies Yehudit’s lineage.
- הַֽחִתִּ֑י (haḥitti) – Root: חת (ḥ-t); Form: Noun, gentilic, ms with definite article; Translation: “the Hittite”; Notes: Specifies the ethnic group of Beʾeri.
- וְאֶת־בָּ֣שְׂמַ֔ת (veʾet-Bosmat) – Root: N/A; Form: Conjunction + direct object marker + proper noun; Translation: “and Bosmat”; Notes: Name of the second wife.
- בַּת־אֵילֹ֖ן (bat-Elon) – Root: בת (b-t) + איל (ʾ-y-l); Form: Noun construct + proper noun; Translation: “daughter of Elon”; Notes: Identifies Bosmat’s lineage.
- הַֽחִתִּֽי (haḥitti) – Root: חת (ḥ-t); Form: Noun, gentilic, ms with definite article; Translation: “the Hittite”; Notes: Specifies the ethnic group of Elon.
Morphological Analysis
1. וַיְהִ֤י (vayhī) – Root: היה, Form: Wayyiqtol (3ms, sequential past tense), Translation: “and it came to pass”
2. עֵשָׂו֙ (ʿēsāw) – Root: עשו, Form: Proper noun, Translation: “Esau”
3. בֶּן־ (ben-) – Root: בן, Form: Noun (construct), Translation: “the son of”
4. אַרְבָּעִ֣ים (ʾarbāʿīm) – Root: ארבע, Form: Numeral, Translation: “forty”
5. שָׁנָ֔ה (šānāh) – Root: שנה, Form: Noun (feminine singular), Translation: “years”
6. וַיִּקַּ֤ח (vayyīqqaḥ) – Root: לקח, Form: Wayyiqtol (3ms, sequential past tense), Translation: “and he took”
7. אִשָּׁה֙ (ʾiššāh) – Root: אשה, Form: Noun (feminine singular), Translation: “a wife”
8. אֶת־ (ʾet-) – Root: את, Form: Direct object marker, Translation: “[untranslatable; indicates the direct object]”
9. יְהוּדִ֔ית (Yəhūḏīt) – Root: יהודית, Form: Proper noun, Translation: “Judith”
10. בַּת־ (bat-) – Root: בת, Form: Noun (construct), Translation: “the daughter of”
11. בְּאֵרִ֖י (Bəʾērī) – Root: באר, Form: Proper noun, Translation: “Beeri”
12. הַֽחִתִּ֑י (haḥittī) – Root: חתי, Form: Adjective (masculine singular), Translation: “the Hittite”
13. וְאֶת־ (wəʾet-) – Root: ואת, Form: Conjunction with direct object marker, Translation: “and”
14. בָּ֣שְׂמַת (Bāśmat) – Root: בשמת, Form: Proper noun, Translation: “Basemath”
15. בַּת־ (bat-) – Root: בת, Form: Noun (construct), Translation: “the daughter of”
16. אֵילֹ֖ן (ʾĒlōn) – Root: אילן, Form: Proper noun, Translation: “Elon”
17. הַֽחִתִּֽי (haḥittī) – Root: חתי, Form: Adjective (masculine singular), Translation: “the Hittite”