וַיְצַ֞ו גַּ֣ם אֶת־הַשֵּׁנִ֗י גַּ֚ם אֶת־הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֔י גַּ֚ם אֶת־כָּל־הַהֹ֣לְכִ֔ים אַחֲרֵ֥י הָעֲדָרִ֖ים לֵאמֹ֑ר כַּדָּבָ֤ר הַזֶּה֙ תְּדַבְּר֣וּן אֶל־עֵשָׂ֔ו בְּמֹצַאֲכֶ֖ם אֹתֹֽו׃
And he commanded also the second, also the third, also all who were following after the herds, saying, “According to this word you shall speak to ʿEsav when you find him.
Morphology
- וַיְצַ֞ו (vaytsav) – Root: צוה (tsavah); Form: Piel wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he commanded”; Notes: Indicates a strong instruction.
- גַּ֣ם (gam) – Root: גם (gam); Form: Adverb; Translation: “also”; Notes: Adds emphasis to the command.
- אֶת־הַשֵּׁנִ֗י (et-ha-sheni) – Root: שני (sheni); Form: Adjective, masculine singular, definite; Translation: “the second”; Notes: Refers to the second group.
- גַּ֚ם אֶת־הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֔י (gam et-ha-shelishi) – Root: שלש (shalosh); Form: Adjective, masculine singular, definite; Translation: “also the third”; Notes: Refers to the third group.
- גַּ֚ם אֶת־כָּל־הַהֹ֣לְכִ֔ים (gam et-kol-ha-holekhim) – Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Participle, masculine plural, definite; Translation: “also all who were following”; Notes: Refers to those accompanying the herds.
- אַחֲרֵ֥י (aḥarei) – Root: אחר (aḥar); Form: Preposition; Translation: “after”; Notes: Indicates movement behind.
- הָעֲדָרִ֖ים (ha-ʿadarim) – Root: עדר (ʿeder); Form: Noun, masculine plural, definite; Translation: “the herds”; Notes: Refers to the flocks being sent.
- לֵאמֹ֑ר (lemor) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Infinitive construct; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Introduces the direct speech.
- כַּדָּבָ֤ר הַזֶּה֙ (ka-davar ha-zeh) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Noun, masculine singular with demonstrative pronoun; Translation: “According to this word”; Notes: Refers to the message to be delivered.
- תְּדַבְּר֣וּן (tedabberun) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Piel imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you shall speak”; Notes: An imperative-like command.
- אֶל־עֵשָׂ֔ו (el-ʿEsav) – Root: עשו (ʿEsav); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “to ʿEsav”; Notes: Personal name.
- בְּמֹצַאֲכֶ֖ם (be-motzaʾakhem) – Root: מצא (matsaʾ); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “when you find”; Notes: Describes the moment of encountering ʿEsav.
- אֹתֹֽו (oto) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “him”; Notes: Refers directly to ʿEsav.