וַיְמָאֵ֓ן וַיֹּ֨אמֶר֙ אֶל־אֵ֣שֶׁת אֲדֹנָ֔יו הֵ֣ן אֲדֹנִ֔י לֹא־יָדַ֥ע אִתִּ֖י מַה־בַּבָּ֑יִת וְכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־יֶשׁ־לֹ֖ו נָתַ֥ן בְּיָדִֽי׃
But he refused, and he said to the wife of his master, “Behold, my master does not know with me what is in the house, and all that belongs to him he has given into my hand.
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וַיְמָאֵן | va-yemaʾen | “but he refused” | Piel wayyiqtol 3ms |
| 2 | וַיֹּאמֶר | va-yomer | “and he said” | Qal wayyiqtol 3ms |
| 3 | אֶל | ʾel | “to” | Preposition |
| 4 | אֵשֶׁת | ʾeshet | “wife of” | N(fs construct) |
| 5 | אֲדֹנָיו | ʾadonav | “his master” | N(ms) + suff 3ms |
| 6 | הֵן | hen | “behold” | Interjection |
| 7 | אֲדֹנִי | ʾadoni | “my master” | N(ms) + suff 1cs |
| 8 | לֹא | lo | “not” | Negative particle |
| 9 | יָדַע | yadaʿ | “he knows” | Qal perfect 3ms |
| 10 | אִתִּי | ʾitti | “with me” | Prep אֵת/אִתְּ + suff 1cs |
| 11 | מַה | mah | “what” | Interrogative pronoun |
| 12 | בַּבָּיִת | ba-bayit | “in the house” | Prep בְּ + Def. art. הַ + N(ms) |
| 13 | וְכֹל | ve-khol | “and all” | Conj וְ + N(ms construct) |
| 14 | אֲשֶׁר | ʾasher | “that” | Relative particle |
| 15 | יֶשׁ | yesh | “there is” | Existential particle |
| 16 | לֹו | lo | “to him” | Prep לְ + suff 3ms |
| 17 | נָתַן | natan | “he has given” | Qal perfect 3ms |
| 18 | בְּיָדִי | be-yadi | “into my hand” | Prep בְּ + N(fs) + suff 1cs |
Morphology
- וַיְמָאֵן (va-yemaʾen) – Root: מאן (maʾan); Root Type: I-Guttural; Binyan: Piel; Form: Conjunction וַ + Piel wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “But he refused”; Notes: Expresses a deliberate and firm rejection of the proposition made by Potiphar’s wife.
- וַיֹּאמֶר (va-yomer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Root Type: I-Guttural; Binyan: Qal; Form: Conjunction וַ + Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he said”; Notes: Introduces Yosef’s verbal response and explanation for his refusal.
- אֶל (ʾel) – Root: אל (ʾel); Root Type: Particle; Form: Preposition; Translation: “to”; Notes: Indicates the direction of Yosef’s speech toward Potiphar’s wife.
- אֵשֶׁת (ʾeshet) – Root: אשה (ʾishah); Root Type: III-He; Form: Noun feminine singular construct, state: construct; Translation: “wife of”; Notes: Functions in construct relation with the following noun.
- אֲדֹנָיו (ʾadonav) – Root: אדן (ʾ-d-n); Root Type: I-Guttural; Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “his master”; Notes: Refers to Potiphar, emphasizing Yosef’s loyalty to him.
- הֵן (hen) – Root: הן (hen); Root Type: Particle; Form: Interjection; Translation: “Behold”; Notes: Draws attention to the statement that follows and introduces emphasis.
- אֲדֹנִי (ʾadoni) – Root: אדן (ʾ-d-n); Root Type: I-Guttural; Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 1st person common singular; Translation: “my master”; Notes: Expresses Yosef’s recognition of Potiphar’s authority over him.
- לֹא (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Root Type: Particle; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the following verb, stressing Potiphar’s complete trust.
- יָדַע (yadaʿ) – Root: ידע (yadaʿ); Root Type: III-Guttural; Binyan: Qal; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he knows”; Notes: Indicates awareness or supervision, here negated to show delegated authority.
- אִתִּי (ʾitti) – Root: את (ʾet); Root Type: Particle; Form: Preposition אֵת/אִתְּ + suffix 1st person common singular; Translation: “with me”; Notes: Refers to matters entrusted into Yosef’s oversight.
- מַה (mah) – Root: מה (mah); Root Type: Particle; Form: Interrogative pronoun; Translation: “what”; Notes: Used idiomatically to refer to anything or whatever exists in the house.
- בַּבָּיִת (ba-bayit) – Root: בית (bayit); Root Type: III-Yod; Form: Preposition בְּ + definite article הַ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “in the house”; Notes: Refers to Potiphar’s household and estate under Yosef’s management.
- וְכֹל (ve-khol) – Root: כלל (k-l-l); Root Type: Geminate; Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular construct, state: construct; Translation: “and all”; Notes: Expands the statement to encompass the entirety of Potiphar’s possessions.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾ-sh-r); Root Type: I-Guttural; Form: Relative particle; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces the relative clause describing Potiphar’s possessions.
- יֶשׁ (yesh) – Root: ישׁ (yesh); Root Type: Particle; Form: Existential particle; Translation: “there is”; Notes: Indicates existence or possession in the clause.
- לֹו (lo) – Root: ל (l); Root Type: Particle; Form: Preposition לְ + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “to him”; Notes: Denotes possession, referring to what belonged to Potiphar.
- נָתַן (natan) – Root: נתן (natan); Root Type: I-Nun; Binyan: Qal; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he has given”; Notes: Expresses completed entrustment of authority and property to Yosef.
- בְּיָדִי (be-yadi) – Root: יד (yad); Root Type: Geminate; Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular + suffix 1st person common singular; Translation: “into my hand”; Notes: Idiomatically signifies control, responsibility, and delegated authority.