והאדם ידע את חוה אשתו ותהר ותלד את קין ותאמר קניתי איש את יהוה׃
Gen 4:1 [Samaritan]
והאדם ידע את חוה אשתו ותהר ותלד את קין ותאמר קניתי איש את יהוה׃
Gen 4:1 [Masoretic]
וְהָאָדָם יָדַע אֶת־חַוָּה אִשְׁתֹּו וַתַּהַר וַתֵּלֶד אֶת־קַיִן וַתֹּאמֶר קָנִיתִי אִישׁ אֶת־יְהוָֽה׃
And Adam knew Ḥavah his wife, and she conceived and gave birth to Qayin, and she said, “I have acquired a man from YHWH.”
Gen 4:1 [Targum Onkelos]
וְאָדָם יִדַע יַת חַוָּה אִתְּתֵיהּ וְעַדִּיאַת וִילֵידַת יַת קַיִן וַאֲמַרַת קְנֵיתִי גַבְרָא מִן קָדָם יְיָ:
And Adam knew Ḥavah his wife, and she conceived and gave birth to Qayin, and she said, “I have acquired the man from before YeYa.”
* from before (מִן קָדָם) is regularly used in the Targums to render simple “from” in divine context.
Gen 4:1 [Samaritan Targum]
והאדם חכם ית חוה אתתה ובטנת וילדת ית קין ואמרת מלכת גבר מיהוה:
Gen 4:1 [Peshitta]
ܘܐܕܡ ܚܟܼܡ ܠܚܘܐ ܐܢܬܬܗ܂ ܘܒܛܢܼܬ ܘܝܠܼܕܬ ܠܩܐܝܢ܂ ܘܐܡܼܪܬ ܩܿܢܝܬ ܓܒܪܐ ܠܡܪܝܐ܂
And Adam knew Ḥava his wife, and she conceived and gave birth to Qayin, and she said, “I have acquired a man from MarYA.”
Gen 4:1 [Septuagint]
Ἀδὰμ δὲ ἔγνω Εὔαν τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ, καὶ συνέλαβεν καὶ ἔτεκεν τὸν Καιν. καὶ εἶπεν· Ἐκτησάμην ἄνθρωπον διὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ.
And Adam knew Eva his wife, and she conceived and gave birth to Kain. And she said, “I have acquired a man through God.”
Gen 4:1 [Old Latin (Vetus Latina)]
Adam autem cognovit Evam mulierem suam, quae concepit et peperit Cain, et dixit : Acquisivi hominem per Deum.
And Adam knew Eva his wife, who conceived and gave birth to Cain, and she said, “I have acquired a man through God.”
* per Deum : because of God or by permission of God or through God.
Gen 4:1 [Vulgate]
Adam vero cognovit Havam uxorem suam : quae concepit et peperit Cain, dicens : Possedi hominem per Dominum.
And Adam knew Hava his wife, who conceived and gave birth to Cain, saying, “I have possessed a man through the LORD.”
* v.l. Havam uxorem suam : uxorem suam Hevam
* v.l. Dominum : Deum
וְהָ֣אָדָ֔ם יָדַ֖ע אֶת־חַוָּ֣ה אִשְׁתֹּ֑ו וַתַּ֨הַר֙ וַתֵּ֣לֶד אֶת־קַ֔יִן וַתֹּ֕אמֶר קָנִ֥יתִי אִ֖ישׁ אֶת־יְהוָֽה׃
And the man knew Ḥavva his wife, and she conceived and bore Qayin, and she said, “I have acquired a man by YHWH.”
Morphology
- וְהָ֣אָדָ֔ם (wĕhāʾāḏām) – Root: אדם (ʾ-d-m); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun, singular masculine with definite article ה; Translation: “And the man”; Notes: Refers to Adam, the first human created by God.
- יָדַ֖ע (yāḏaʿ) – Root: ידע (y-d-ʿ); Form: Qal perfect, third masculine singular; Translation: “knew”; Notes: Euphemism for intimate marital relations.
- אֶת־חַוָּ֣ה (ʾeṯ-ḥawwāh) – Root: חוה (ḥ-w-h); Form: Direct object marker אֶת + proper noun; Translation: “Ḥavvah”; Notes: Eve, the name of Adam’s wife.
- אִשְׁתֹּ֑ו (ʾištōw) – Root: אשה (ʾ-š-h); Form: Noun, singular feminine construct + third masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his wife”; Notes: Indicates the marital relationship.
- וַתַּ֨הַר֙ (wattaḥar) – Root: הרה (h-r-h); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past), third feminine singular; Translation: “and she conceived”; Notes: Refers to becoming pregnant.
- וַתֵּ֣לֶד (wattēleḏ) – Root: ילד (y-l-d); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past), third feminine singular; Translation: “and she bore”; Notes: Refers to giving birth.
- אֶת־קַ֔יִן (ʾeṯ-qayin) – Root: קין (q-y-n); Form: Direct object marker אֶת + proper noun; Translation: “Qayin”; Notes: Cain, the name of the firstborn son.
- וַתֹּ֕אמֶר (wattōmer) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past), third feminine singular; Translation: “and she said”; Notes: Indicates her declaration upon the birth of Cain.
- קָנִ֥יתִי (qānîṯî) – Root: קנה (q-n-h); Form: Qal perfect, first common singular; Translation: “I have acquired”; Notes: Indicates her expression of obtaining or receiving a son.
- אִ֖ישׁ (ʾîš) – Root: איש (ʾ-y-š); Form: Noun, singular masculine; Translation: “a man”; Notes: Refers to her newborn son.
- אֶת־יְהוָֽה (ʾeṯ-YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Direct object marker אֶת + proper noun; Translation: “with the LORD”; Notes: Indicates her recognition of God’s role in the birth.