Genesis 43:5

וְאִם־אֵינְךָ֥ מְשַׁלֵּ֖חַ לֹ֣א נֵרֵ֑ד כִּֽי־הָאִ֞ישׁ אָמַ֤ר אֵלֵ֨ינוּ֙ לֹֽא־תִרְא֣וּ פָנַ֔י בִּלְתִּ֖י אֲחִיכֶ֥ם אִתְּכֶֽם׃

And if you do not send him, we will not go down, for the man said to us, “You will not see my face unless your brother is with you.”

 

Morphology

  1. וְאִם (ve’im) – Root: אִם (im); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “And if”; Notes: Conditional particle introducing a hypothetical situation.
  2. אֵינְךָ֥ (einekha) – Root: אַיִן (ayin); Form: Negative existential particle with 2ms suffix; Translation: “you are not”; Notes: Negation with a personal suffix indicating “you” (singular).
  3. מְשַׁלֵּ֖חַ (meshalle’ach) – Root: שָׁלַח (shalach); Form: Piel participle, ms; Translation: “sending”; Notes: Verb in active participle form, indicating a continuous or habitual action.
  4. לֹ֣א נֵרֵ֑ד (lo nered) – Root: יָרַד (yarad); Form: Negative particle + Qal imperfect, 1cp; Translation: “we will not go down”; Notes: Future action negated by “lo” (not).
  5. כִּֽי־הָאִ֞ישׁ (ki-ha’ish) – Root: אִישׁ (ish); Form: Conjunction “for” + noun, ms; Translation: “for the man”; Notes: Introduces a reason for the previous statement.
  6. אָמַ֤ר (amar) – Root: אָמַר (amar); Form: Qal perfect, 3ms; Translation: “said”; Notes: Completed action indicating a past speech.
  7. אֵלֵ֨ינוּ֙ (eleinu) – Root: אֶל (el); Form: Preposition with 1cp suffix; Translation: “to us”; Notes: Prepositional phrase indicating direction towards the speakers.
  8. לֹֽא־תִרְא֣וּ (lo-tir’u) – Root: רָאָה (ra’ah); Form: Qal imperfect, 2mp; Translation: “you will not see”; Notes: Negated future action addressing multiple people.
  9. פָנַ֔י (panai) – Root: פָּנִים (panim); Form: Noun, mp with 1cs suffix; Translation: “my face”; Notes: Indicates a personal encounter or presence.
  10. בִּלְתִּ֖י (bilti) – Form: Negative particle; Translation: “unless”; Notes: Conditional negation introducing a required condition.
  11. אֲחִיכֶ֥ם (achikhem) – Root: אָח (ach); Form: Noun, ms with 2mp suffix; Translation: “your brother”; Notes: Refers to the sibling whose presence is necessary.
  12. אִתְּכֶֽם (itkhem) – Root: אֵת (et); Form: Preposition with 2mp suffix; Translation: “with you”; Notes: Indicates accompaniment or presence with the group.

 

 

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