ויהי הגשם על הארץ ארבעים יום וארבעים לילה׃
Gen 7:12 [Samaritan]
ויהי הגשם על הארץ ארבעים יום וארבעים לילה׃
Gen 7:12 [Masoretic]
וַֽיְהִי הַגֶּשֶׁם עַל־הָאָרֶץ אַרְבָּעִים יֹום וְאַרְבָּעִים לָֽיְלָה׃
Gen 7:12 [Targum Onkelos]
וַהֲוָה מִיטֽרָא נָחֵית עַל אַרְעָא אַרְבְּעִין יְמָמִין וְאַרְבְּעִין לֵילַוָן׃
Gen 7:12 [Peshitta]
ܘܗܘܼܐ ܡܛܪܐ ܥܠ ܐܪܥܐ ܐܪ̈ܒܥܝܢ ܐܝܡ̈ܡܝܢ ܘܐܪ̈ܒܥܝܢ ܠܝ̈ܠܘܢ܂
Gen 7:12 [Septuagint]
Καὶ ἐγένετο ὁ ὑετὸς ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς τεσσαράκοντα ἡμέρας καὶ τεσσαράκοντα νύκτας.
And the rain came upon the earth forty days and forty nights.
Gen 7:12 [Vulgate]
et facta est pluvia super terram quadraginta diebus et quadraginta noctibus
וַֽיְהִ֥י הַגֶּ֖שֶׁם עַל־הָאָ֑רֶץ אַרְבָּעִ֣ים יֹ֔ום וְאַרְבָּעִ֖ים לָֽיְלָה׃
And the rain was upon the earth for forty days and forty nights.
Morphology
- וַֽיְהִ֥י (vayyĕhî) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Qal imperfect, third masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And it was”; Notes: Indicates the continuation of events.
- הַגֶּ֖שֶׁם (haggĕšem) – Root: גשם (g-š-m); Form: Noun, singular masculine with definite article; Translation: “the rain”; Notes: Refers to the specific rainfall of the flood.
- עַל־הָאָ֑רֶץ (ʿal-hāʾāreṣ) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ṣ); Form: Preposition עַל + noun, singular feminine with definite article; Translation: “upon the earth”; Notes: Indicates the location where the rain occurred.
- אַרְבָּעִ֣ים (ʾarbaʿîm) – Root: ארבע (ʾ-r-b-ʿ); Form: Numeral, plural masculine; Translation: “forty”; Notes: Specifies the duration of the rain in days.
- יֹ֔ום (yôm) – Root: יום (y-w-m); Form: Noun, singular masculine; Translation: “days”; Notes: Complements the duration specified.
- וְאַרְבָּעִ֖ים (wəʾarbaʿîm) – Root: ארבע (ʾ-r-b-ʿ); Form: Conjunction וְ + numeral, plural masculine; Translation: “and forty”; Notes: Indicates an additional duration.
- לָֽיְלָה (lāylāh) – Root: ליל (l-y-l); Form: Noun, singular masculine; Translation: “nights”; Notes: Completes the duration by specifying nights.