לֹֽא־יָרֵ֥עוּ וְלֹֽא־יַשְׁחִ֖יתוּ בְּכָל־הַ֣ר קָדְשִׁ֑י כִּֽי־מָלְאָ֣ה הָאָ֗רֶץ דֵּעָה֙ אֶת־יְהוָ֔ה כַּמַּ֖יִם לַיָּ֥ם מְכַסִּֽים׃ פ
They shall not hurt nor destroy in all My holy mountain, for the earth shall be full of the knowledge of YHWH as the waters cover the sea.
Morphology
- לֹא־יָרֵעוּ (lo-yareʿu) – Root: רעה (raʿaʿ); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with negative particle; Translation: “They shall not hurt”; Notes: Denotes causing harm or evil, emphatically negated.
- וְלֹא־יַשְׁחִיתוּ (ve-lo-yashḥitu) – Root: שׁחת (shaḥat); Form: Hifil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with conjunctive vav and negative particle; Translation: “nor shall they destroy”; Notes: Intensifies the sense of total peace and non-violence.
- בְּכָל־הַר (be-khol-har) – Root: כל (kol) + הר (har); Form: Preposition + construct noun + noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “in all the mountain”; Notes: Refers to the total extent of the sacred domain.
- קָדְשִׁי (qodshi) – Root: קדשׁ (qodesh); Form: Noun masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “My holy”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s consecrated mountain, often identified with Tsiyon.
- כִּי־מָלְאָה (ki-malʾah) – Root: מלא (maleʾ); Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “for it is full”; Notes: Introduces the reason for universal peace—divine knowledge filling the world.
- הָאָרֶץ (ha-aretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾarets); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the earth”; Notes: The entire inhabited world is in view.
- דֵּעָה (deʿah) – Root: ידע (yadaʿ); Form: Noun feminine singular (abstract); Translation: “knowledge”; Notes: Refers to experiential knowledge, especially of YHWH.
- אֶת־יְהוָה (et-YHWH) – Root: את (ʾet) + יהוה (YHWH); Form: Direct object marker + proper noun; Translation: “of YHWH”; Notes: Specifies that the knowledge filling the earth is of YHWH Himself.
- כַּמַּיִם (ka-mayim) – Root: מים (mayim); Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural; Translation: “as the waters”; Notes: Begins the simile indicating complete saturation.
- לַיָּם (la-yam) – Root: ים (yam); Form: Preposition + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “to the sea”; Notes: Refers to the depth and expanse of the sea filled with water.
- מְכַסִּים (mekhassim) – Root: כסה (kasah); Form: Piel participle masculine plural; Translation: “cover”; Notes: Describes complete covering, highlighting total permeation of divine knowledge.