בְּחוּצֹתָ֖יו חָ֣גְרוּ שָׂ֑ק עַ֣ל גַּגֹּותֶ֧יהָ וּבִרְחֹבֹתֶ֛יהָ כֻּלֹּ֥ה יְיֵלִ֖יל יֹרֵ֥ד בַּבֶּֽכִי׃
In its streets they have girded themselves with sackcloth; on its rooftops and in its squares everyone wails, going down in weeping.
Morphology
- בְּחוּצֹתָיו (be-ḥutsotav) – Root: חוץ (ḥuts); Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “in its streets”; Notes: Refers to public areas of the city in mourning.
- חָגְרוּ (ḥagru) – Root: חגר (ḥagar); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they have girded themselves”; Notes: Mourning gesture with sackcloth.
- שָׂק (saq) – Root: שׂק; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “sackcloth”; Notes: Garment of mourning or repentance.
- עַל (ʿal) – Root: על; Form: Preposition; Translation: “on”; Notes: Introduces location of wailing.
- גַּגֹּותֶיהָ (gaggoteha) – Root: גג (gag); Form: Noun feminine plural with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “its rooftops”; Notes: Flat roofs commonly used in public mourning displays.
- וּבִרְחֹבֹתֶיהָ (u-virḥovoteha) – Root: רחב (raḥav); Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun feminine plural with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “and in its squares”; Notes: City plazas where mourning is seen publicly.
- כֻּלֹּה (kulloh) – Root: כלל (kll); Form: Noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “everyone” or “the whole of it”; Notes: Refers to the population in totality.
- יְיֵלִיל (yeielil) – Root: ילל (yalal); Form: Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he/it wails”; Notes: Continuous or habitual mourning cry.
- יֹרֵד (yored) – Root: ירד (yarad); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “going down”; Notes: Possibly refers to posture of lament—stooping or bowing.
- בַּבֶּכִי (ba-bekhi) – Root: בכה (bakha); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “in weeping”; Notes: Denotes depth of grief and sorrow.