וַתִּזְעַ֤ק חֶשְׁבֹּון֙ וְאֶלְעָלֵ֔ה עַד־יַ֖הַץ נִשְׁמַ֣ע קֹולָ֑ם עַל־כֵּ֗ן חֲלֻצֵ֤י מֹואָב֙ יָרִ֔יעוּ נַפְשֹׁ֖ו יָ֥רְעָה לֹּֽו׃
And Ḥeshbon has cried out, and Elʿale; as far as Yahaṣ their voice is heard. Therefore the armed men of Moʾav shall shout; his soul trembles for him.
Morphology
- וַתִּזְעַק (va-tizʿaq) – Root: זעק (zaʿaq); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “and she cried out”; Notes: Refers to the city of Ḥeshbon as feminine.
- חֶשְׁבּוֹן (Ḥeshbon) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Feminine singular; Translation: “Ḥeshbon”; Notes: A major city in Moʾav, personified as crying.
- וְאֶלְעָלֵה (ve-Elʿaleh) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Conjunction + proper noun; Translation: “and Elʿaleh”; Notes: Another Moabite city joining in the cry.
- עַד־יַהַץ (ʿad-Yahaṣ) – Root: עד + proper noun; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “as far as Yahaṣ”; Notes: Indicates the distance their wailing reaches.
- נִשְׁמַע (nishmaʿ) – Root: שׁמע (shamaʿ); Form: Nifal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “is heard”; Notes: Passive verb, describing the spreading of the outcry.
- קוֹלָם (qolam) – Root: קול (qol); Form: Noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their voice”; Notes: Refers to the collective cry of the cities.
- עַל־כֵּן (ʿal-ken) – Root: Idiomatic phrase; Form: Preposition + demonstrative; Translation: “therefore”; Notes: Introduces the consequence of the outcry.
- חֲלֻצֵי (ḥalutsei) – Root: חלץ (ḥalats); Form: Construct masculine plural; Translation: “armed men of”; Notes: Literally, “those equipped,” i.e., warriors.
- מוֹאָב (Moʾav) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Masculine singular; Translation: “Moʾav”; Notes: Nation affected by the crisis.
- יָרִיעוּ (yariʿu) – Root: רוע (ruaʿ); Form: Hifil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they shall shout”; Notes: A cry of alarm or battle cry, possibly panic.
- נַפְשׁוֹ (nafsho) – Root: נפשׁ (nefesh); Form: Noun feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his soul”; Notes: Possibly refers to Moʾav as a personified figure.
- יָרְעָה (yarʿah) – Root: רעע (raʿaʿ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “has trembled” or “is afflicted”; Notes: Describes emotional distress.
- לוֹ (lo) – Root: –; Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “for him”; Notes: Refers to Moʾav in a reflexive or sympathetic sense.