כִּֽי־תָנ֥וּחַ יַד־יְהוָ֖ה בָּהָ֣ר הַזֶּ֑ה וְנָ֤דֹושׁ מֹואָב֙ תַּחְתָּ֔יו כְּהִדּ֥וּשׁ מַתְבֵּ֖ן בְּמֵי מַדְמֵנָֽה׃
For the hand of YHWH shall rest on this mountain, and Moʾav shall be trampled under him, as straw is trampled in the waters of a dung-pit.
Morphology
- כִּֽי־תָנ֥וּחַ (ki-tanuach) – Root: נוח; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular (jussive sense) with conjunction; Translation: “For shall rest”; Notes: Refers to a future, decisive act of settlement or repose.
- יַד־יְהוָ֖ה (yad-YHWH) – Root: יד + יהוה; Form: Construct noun “hand” + proper name; Translation: “the hand of YHWH”; Notes: A metaphor for power or active presence.
- בָּהָ֣ר (ba-har) – Root: הר; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “on the mountain”; Notes: Refers to a specific mountain, contextually Mount Tsiyyon.
- הַזֶּ֑ה (hazzeh) – Root: זה; Form: Demonstrative adjective masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Specifies the mountain being referenced.
- וְנָ֤דֹושׁ (ve-nadosh) – Root: דוש; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and shall be trampled”; Notes: Implies a violent crushing, especially of grain or straw.
- מֹואָב֙ (Moʾav) – Root: מואב; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Moʾav”; Notes: Represents a nation hostile to Yisraʾel, often used as a symbol of judgment.
- תַּחְתָּ֔יו (taḥtav) – Root: תחת; Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “under him”; Notes: Indicates subjugation or humiliation.
- כְּהִדּ֥וּשׁ (ke-hiddush) – Root: דוש; Form: Preposition + noun (infinitive construct, Hiphil or nominalized); Translation: “as the treading”; Notes: Expresses a comparison with agricultural threshing.
- מַתְבֵּ֖ן (matben) – Root: תבן; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “straw”; Notes: Agricultural refuse, easily trampled.
- בְּמֵי (be-mei) – Root: מים; Form: Preposition + construct form of noun masculine plural; Translation: “in the waters of”; Notes: Introduces the setting of trampling.
- מַדְמֵנָֽה (Madmena) – Root: דמן; Form: Proper noun or common noun (dung-pit); Translation: “dung-pit” or a location named Madmena; Notes: Likely metaphorical for filth and humiliation. Some read it as a proper name, others as a descriptive place of refuse.