לֶ֣חֶם יוּדָ֔ק כִּ֛י לֹ֥א לָנֶ֖צַח אָדֹ֣ושׁ יְדוּשֶׁ֑נּוּ וְ֠הָמַם גִּלְגַּ֧ל עֶגְלָתֹ֛ו וּפָרָשָׁ֖יו לֹֽא־יְדֻקֶּֽנּוּ׃
Bread is crushed, but he will not forever be threshing it; and though he drives his cart wheel and his horsemen, he will not crush it.
Morphology
- לֶ֣חֶם (leḥem) – Root: לחם; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “bread”; Notes: Subject of the passive verb “is crushed.”
- יוּדָ֔ק (yudaq) – Root: דקק; Form: Pual imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “is crushed”; Notes: Passive binyan emphasizing intensity of action.
- כִּ֛י (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces the reason or explanation.
- לֹ֥א (lo) – Root: לא; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the verb “will thresh.”
- לָנֶ֖צַח (la-netzaḥ) – Root: נצח; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “forever”; Notes: Indicates eternal duration, modifying the verb.
- אָדֹ֣ושׁ (ʾadosh) – Root: דוש; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “will thresh”; Notes: Verbal action negated by לֹא and limited by לָנֶצַח.
- יְדוּשֶׁ֑נּוּ (yedushennu) – Root: דוש; Form: Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “they thresh it”; Notes: Intensive form with suffix referring to “bread.”
- וְ֠הָמַם (ve-hamam) – Root: המם; Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he drives” or “stirs”; Notes: Likely idiomatic for causing turbulence or motion.
- גִּלְגַּ֧ל (gilgal) – Root: גלל; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “wheel”; Notes: Refers to the rolling instrument of a cart.
- עֶגְלָתֹ֛ו (ʿeglat-o) – Root: עגל; Form: Noun feminine singular construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his cart”; Notes: Possessive phrase referring to the owner.
- וּפָרָשָׁ֖יו (u-farashav) – Root: פרשׁ; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and his horsemen”; Notes: Refers to cavalry or riders.
- לֹֽא־יְדֻקֶּֽנּוּ (lo-yeduqennu) – Root: דקק; Form: Pual imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “they will not crush it”; Notes: Passive voice, referring again to the grain or bread.