הֹ֚וי אֲרִיאֵ֣ל אֲרִיאֵ֔ל קִרְיַ֖ת חָנָ֣ה דָוִ֑ד סְפ֥וּ שָׁנָ֛ה עַל־שָׁנָ֖ה חַגִּ֥ים יִנְקֹֽפוּ׃
Woe, Ariʾel, Ariʾel, city where Dawid encamped! Add year upon year; let the festivals run their course.
Morphology
- הֹ֚וי (hoy) – Root: הוי; Form: Interjection; Translation: “Woe”; Notes: Expresses lament or warning, often introducing a prophetic oracle.
- אֲרִיאֵ֣ל (Ariʾel) – Root: אֲרִיאֵל; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Ariʾel”; Notes: Likely symbolic name for Yerushalayim; means “Lion of God” or “Altar Hearth of God.” Repeated for emphasis.
- קִרְיַ֖ת (qiryat) – Root: קריה; Form: Noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “city of”; Notes: Construct form linking to the next word.
- חָנָ֣ה (ḥanah) – Root: חנה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he encamped”; Notes: Refers to Dawid’s encampment, probably during his conquest or stay at Yerushalayim.
- דָוִ֑ד (Dawid) – Root: דוד; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: King of Yisraʾel.
- סְפ֥וּ (sefu) – Root: ספה; Form: Qal imperative masculine plural; Translation: “Add!”; Notes: Command form addressing a group; suggests continuing the cycles of years.
- שָׁנָ֛ה (shanah) – Root: שנה; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “year”; Notes: Functions as the object of the imperative “Add.”
- עַל־שָׁנָ֖ה (ʿal-shanah) – Root: שנה; Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular; Translation: “upon year”; Notes: Idiomatically means “year upon year.”
- חַגִּ֥ים (ḥaggim) – Root: חג; Form: Noun masculine plural absolute; Translation: “festivals”; Notes: Refers to pilgrimage festivals in Yerushalayim.
- יִנְקֹֽפוּ (yinqofu) – Root: נקף; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they shall go around” or “revolve”; Notes: Likely poetic for “cycle through” or “come around again” (referring to festival cycles).