Isaiah 30:13

לָכֵ֗ן יִֽהְיֶ֤ה לָכֶם֙ הֶעָוֹ֣ן הַזֶּ֔ה כְּפֶ֣רֶץ נֹפֵ֔ל נִבְעֶ֖ה בְּחֹומָ֣ה נִשְׂגָּבָ֑ה אֲשֶׁר־פִּתְאֹ֥ם לְפֶ֖תַע יָבֹ֥וא שִׁבְרָֽהּ׃

therefore this iniquity shall be to you like a falling breach, bulging in a high wall, whose breaking comes suddenly in an instant.

Morphology

1. לָכֵ֗ן (lakhen) – Root: כן; Form: Adverb; Translation: “Therefore”; Notes: Introduces a consequence or result.
2. יִֽהְיֶ֤ה (yihyeh) – Root: היה; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall be”; Notes: Predictive future referring to consequence of sin.
3. לָכֶם֙ (lakhem) – Root: לכם; Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to you”; Notes: Dative of disadvantage—destruction will come upon you.
4. הֶעָוֹ֣ן (he-ʿavon) – Root: עון; Form: Noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the iniquity”; Notes: Refers to their rebellious sin.
5. הַזֶּ֔ה (hazzeh) – Root: זה; Form: Demonstrative adjective masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Modifies “iniquity.”
6. כְּפֶ֣רֶץ (ke-pereṣ) – Root: פרץ; Form: Noun masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “like a breach”; Notes: Comparative simile of structural collapse.
7. נֹפֵ֔ל (nofel) – Root: נפל; Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “falling”; Notes: Describes the breach in continuous action.
8. נִבְעֶ֖ה (nibʿeh) – Root: בעה; Form: Niphal participle masculine singular; Translation: “bulging”; Notes: Suggests pressure and imminent bursting.
9. בְּחֹומָ֣ה (be-ḥomah) – Root: חומה; Form: Noun feminine singular with preposition; Translation: “in a wall”; Notes: Imagery of a fortified structure under stress.
10. נִשְׂגָּבָ֑ה (nisgavah) – Root: שׂגב; Form: Niphal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “high”; Notes: The wall is exalted or lofty—emphasizing the severity of collapse.
11. אֲשֶׁר־ (ʾasher) – Root: אשר; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Introduces the result clause.
12. פִּתְאֹ֥ם (pitʾom) – Root: פתאם; Form: Adverb; Translation: “suddenly”; Notes: Emphasizes unexpected timing.
13. לְפֶ֖תַע (le-phetaʿ) – Root: פתע; Form: Noun masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “in an instant”; Notes: Reinforces rapid onset.
14. יָבֹ֥וא (yavo) – Root: בוא; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “will come”; Notes: Refers to the shattering that follows.
15. שִׁבְרָֽהּ (shivrah) – Root: שׁבר; Form: Noun feminine singular with 3rd person feminine suffix; Translation: “its breaking”; Notes: Refers to the fall of the wall (feminine noun).