Isaiah 35:3

חַזְּק֖וּ יָדַ֣יִם רָפֹ֑ות וּבִרְכַּ֥יִם כֹּשְׁלֹ֖ות אַמֵּֽצוּ׃

Strengthen weak hands, and make firm the tottering knees.

 

Morphology

  1. חַזְּק֖וּ (ḥazzeku) – Root: חזק; Form: Piel imperative masculine plural; Translation: “Strengthen”; Notes: Command directed to the community or leaders; emphatic strengthening.
  2. יָדַ֣יִם (yadayim) – Root: יד; Form: Dual noun feminine in construct; Translation: “hands”; Notes: Dual form referring to both hands; object of the verb “strengthen.”
  3. רָפֹ֑ות (rafot) – Root: רפה; Form: Adjective feminine plural; Translation: “weak”; Notes: Describes the state of the hands; implies exhaustion or feebleness.
  4. וּבִרְכַּ֥יִם (u-virkayim) – Root: ברך; Form: Conjunction + dual noun feminine in construct; Translation: “and knees”; Notes: Parallel to “hands,” symbolic of strength/support in movement.
  5. כֹּשְׁלֹ֖ות (koshelot) – Root: כשׁל; Form: Qal participle feminine plural; Translation: “tottering”; Notes: Participial form describing instability or trembling, modifying “knees.”
  6. אַמֵּֽצוּ (ʾammeṭsu) – Root: אמצ; Form: Piel imperative masculine plural; Translation: “make firm”; Notes: Parallel command to “strengthen,” intensifies the appeal for courage and resilience.

 

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