Isaiah 41:7

וַיְחַזֵּ֤ק חָרָשׁ֙ אֶת־צֹרֵ֔ף מַחֲלִ֥יק פַּטִּ֖ישׁ אֶת־הֹ֣ולֶם פָּ֑עַם אֹמֵ֤ר לַדֶּ֨בֶק֙ טֹ֣וב ה֔וּא וַיְחַזְּקֵ֥הוּ בְמַסְמְרִ֖ים לֹ֥א יִמֹּֽוט׃ ס

And the craftsman strengthened the goldsmith; he who smooths with the hammer, him who strikes the anvil. He says of the joining, “It is good,” and he strengthens it with nails so that it does not totter.

Morphology

1. וַיְחַזֵּק (va-yeḥazzeq) – Root: חזק (ḥazaq); Form: Piel wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he strengthened”; Notes: Indicates active causative action, emphasizing mutual support among workers.
2. חָרָשׁ (ḥarash) – Root: חרשׁ (ḥarash); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “craftsman”; Notes: Likely a general artisan, possibly a woodworker or metalworker.
3. אֶת־צֹרֵף (et-tsoref) – Root: צרף (tsaraf); Form: Object marker + participle masculine singular; Translation: “the goldsmith”; Notes: From the root meaning to refine or smelt, referring to a smith or metal refiner.
4. מַחֲלִיק (maḥaliq) – Root: חליק (ḥalaq); Form: Hifil participle masculine singular; Translation: “he who smooths”; Notes: Describes one polishing or flattening metal, possibly in a finishing stage of crafting.
5. פַּטִּישׁ (pattiysh) – Root: פטשׁ (patash); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “hammer”; Notes: The tool used in shaping or forging metal.
6. אֶת־הֹולֶם (et-holem) – Root: הלם (halam); Form: Object marker + participle masculine singular; Translation: “him who strikes”; Notes: Refers to the worker who delivers blows with the hammer.
7. פָּעַם (paʿam) – Root: פעם (paʿam); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “anvil” or “stroke”; Notes: Likely refers to the place of striking, possibly indicating the rhythm or beat of hammering.
8. אֹמֵר (ʾomer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “he says”; Notes: Introduces speech, present or characteristic action.
9. לַדֶּבֶק (la-deveq) – Root: דבק (davaq); Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “of the joining”; Notes: Refers to the act of binding or fastening pieces together.
10. טֹוב (tov) – Root: טוב (tov); Form: Adjective masculine singular; Translation: “good”; Notes: Declares the quality of the joining.
11. הוּא (hu) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Pronoun 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “it (is)”; Notes: Used for emphasis, equating “it” with “good.”
12. וַיְחַזְּקֵהוּ (va-yeḥazzekehu) – Root: חזק (ḥazaq); Form: Piel wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and he strengthened it”; Notes: Refers to reinforcing the joined item.
13. בְמַסְמְרִים (be-masmərim) – Root: מסמר (masmer); Form: Preposition בְ + noun masculine plural; Translation: “with nails”; Notes: Nails serve as fasteners to stabilize the item.
14. לֹא (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the following verb.
15. יִמֹּוט (yimmot) – Root: מוט (mot); Form: Nifal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “it shall totter”; Notes: Suggests instability or wobbling—here it is negated, meaning it stands firm.