Isaiah 42:17

נָסֹ֤גוּ אָחֹור֙ יֵבֹ֣שׁוּ בֹ֔שֶׁת הַבֹּטְחִ֖ים בַּפָּ֑סֶל הָאֹמְרִ֥ים לְמַסֵּכָ֖ה אַתֶּ֥ם אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃ ס

They shall turn back, they shall be utterly ashamed, those who trust in the carved image, who say to the molten image, “You are our gods.”

Morphology

1. נָסֹ֤גוּ (nasogu) – Root: סוג; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “they turned back”; Notes: Expresses retreat or moral apostasy.
2. אָחֹור֙ (ʾaḥor) – Root: אחור; Form: Adverb; Translation: “backward”; Notes: Used with motion verbs to describe reversal.
3. יֵבֹ֣שׁוּ (yevosḥu) – Root: בושׁ; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “they shall be ashamed”; Notes: Future sense; often connotes public humiliation.
4. בֹ֔שֶׁת (boshet) – Root: בושׁ; Form: Noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “shame”; Notes: Apposition or intensifier to previous verb.
5. הַבֹּטְחִ֖ים (ha-botḥim) – Root: בטח; Form: Definite article + Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “those who trust”; Notes: Active participle, describing the subject.
6. בַּפָּ֑סֶל (ba-pāsel) – Root: פסל; Form: Preposition + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “in the carved image”; Notes: Refers to idols of stone or wood.
7. הָאֹמְרִ֥ים (ha-ʾomrim) – Root: אמר; Form: Definite article + Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “those who say”; Notes: Parallel to הַבֹּטְחִים.
8. לְמַסֵּכָ֖ה (le-massekhah) – Root: נסך; Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular; Translation: “to the molten image”; Notes: Refers to cast metal idols.
9. אַתֶּ֥ם (atem) – Root: אתם; Form: Independent pronoun, 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you”; Notes: Used emphatically toward the idol.
10. אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ (ʾeloheinu) – Root: אל; Form: Noun masculine plural with 1st person plural pronominal suffix; Translation: “our gods”; Notes: Ironically misapplied to idols.