בֹּ֥ושׁוּ וְגַֽם־נִכְלְמ֖וּ כֻּלָּ֑ם יַחְדָּו֙ הָלְכ֣וּ בַכְּלִמָּ֔ה חָרָשֵׁ֖י צִירִֽים׃
They are ashamed and also humiliated, all of them; together they go in disgrace—craftsmen of images.
Morphology
- בֹּושׁוּ (boshu) – Root: בושׁ; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “They are ashamed”; Notes: Expresses emotional disgrace or disappointment.
- וְגַם (ve-gam) – Root: גם; Form: Conjunction + emphatic particle; Translation: “and also”; Notes: Adds intensity to the shame.
- נִכְלְמוּ (nikhlemu) – Root: כלם; Form: Nifal perfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “they were humiliated”; Notes: Passive form intensifies emotional defeat.
- כֻּלָּם (kullam) – Root: כל; Form: Noun masculine plural with 3rd person plural suffix; Translation: “all of them”; Notes: Emphasizes totality.
- יַחְדָּו (yaḥdav) – Root: יחד; Form: Adverb; Translation: “together”; Notes: Indicates unified action or fate.
- הָלְכוּ (halekhu) – Root: הלך; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “they went”; Notes: Literal or metaphorical movement into disgrace.
- בַכְּלִמָּה (va-kelimmah) – Root: כלם; Form: Preposition בְ + noun feminine singular definite; Translation: “in disgrace”; Notes: State of public shame.
- חָרָשֵׁי (ḥarashei) – Root: חרשׁ; Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “craftsmen of”; Notes: Refers to artisans or idol-makers.
- צִירִים (tsirim) – Root: ציר; Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “images” or “idols”; Notes: Carved or cast objects of worship, associated with idolatry.