Isaiah 45:5

אֲנִ֤י יְהוָה֙ וְאֵ֣ין עֹ֔וד זוּלָתִ֖י אֵ֣ין אֱלֹהִ֑ים אֲאַזֶּרְךָ֖ וְלֹ֥א יְדַעְתָּֽנִי׃

I am YHWH, and there is none else; besides Me there is no god. I gird you, though you have not known Me.

Morphology

1. אֲנִי (ʾani) – Root: אנכ; Form: Independent personal pronoun, 1st person common singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Emphatic declaration of identity.
2. יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: הוה; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The personal name of the God of Yisraʾel.
3. וְאֵין (ve-ʾein) – Root: אין; Form: Conjunction וְ + negative existential particle; Translation: “and there is not”; Notes: Denies the existence of any other.
4. עֹוד (ʿod) – Root: עוד; Form: Adverb; Translation: “besides” or “any more”; Notes: Reinforces exclusivity.
5. זוּלָתִי (zulati) – Root: זלל; Form: Preposition with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “besides Me”; Notes: Used in exclusivity contexts in poetry and prophecy.
6. אֵין (ʾein) – Root: אין; Form: Negative existential particle; Translation: “there is no”; Notes: Repetition for emphasis.
7. אֱלֹהִים (ʾelohim) – Root: אלה; Form: Noun masculine plural in form, singular in meaning; Translation: “god”; Notes: Denotes deity; here denies the existence of any besides YHWH.
8. אֲאַזֶּרְךָ (ʾaʾazzerkha) – Root: אזר; Form: Piel imperfect 1st person common singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “I gird you”; Notes: Indicates strengthening or equipping.
9. וְלֹא (ve-lo) – Root: לא; Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “though not”; Notes: Expresses contrast to divine action.
10. יְדַעְתָּנִי (yedaʿtani) – Root: ידע; Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “you have known Me”; Notes: Expresses lack of recognition despite divine favor.