Isaiah 52:2

הִתְנַעֲרִ֧י מֵעָפָ֛ר ק֥וּמִי שְּׁבִ֖י יְרֽוּשָׁלִָ֑ם הִתַּפְתְּחִ֞י מֹוסְרֵ֣י צַוָּארֵ֔ךְ שְׁבִיָּ֖ה בַּת־צִיֹּֽון׃ ס

Shake yourself from the dust, arise, sit, Yerushalayim. Loose the bonds from your neck, captive daughter of Tsiyyon.

Morphology

1. הִתְנַעֲרִ֧י (hitnaʿari) – Root: נער (naʿar); Form: Hitpael imperative feminine singular; Translation: “Shake yourself”; Notes: Reflexive form, calling Yerushalayim to rise from humiliation.
2. מֵעָפָ֛ר (me-ʿafar) – Root: עפר (ʿafar); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “from the dust”; Notes: Symbol of mourning, defeat, or degradation.
3. ק֥וּמִי (qumī) – Root: קום (qum); Form: Qal imperative feminine singular; Translation: “Arise!”; Notes: A call to restoration or revival.
4. שְּׁבִ֖י (shevī) – Root: ישׁב (yashav); Form: Qal imperative feminine singular; Translation: “Sit”; Notes: Imperative to take a position of dignity or enthronement.
5. יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם (Yerushalayim) – Root: ירושלים (Yerushalayim); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yerushalayim”; Notes: The city is personified and addressed directly.
6. הִתַּפְתְּחִי (hittaptekhī) – Root: פתח (pataḥ); Form: Hitpael imperative feminine singular; Translation: “Loose yourself”; Notes: Command to remove restraints, reflexive in form.
7. מֹוסְרֵ֣י (mosrei) – Root: אסר (ʾasar); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “bonds of”; Notes: Refers to shackles or constraints.
8. צַוָּארֵ֔ךְ (tsavvarekh) – Root: צואר (tsavvar); Form: Noun masculine singular + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “your neck”; Notes: Site of bondage or yoke-bearing.
9. שְׁבִיָּ֖ה (sheviyah) – Root: שבה (shavah); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “captive”; Notes: Describes the condition of the addressee.
10. בַּת־צִיֹּֽון (bat-Tsiyon) – Root: בת (bat) / ציון (Tsiyon); Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “daughter of Tsiyon”; Notes: Personified way of referring to the people of Yerushalayim.